Programa de Atención Plena (Mind fulness) en Mayores
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2017-06-16
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
[ES] Las intervenciones basadas en Atención Plena son cada vez más utilizadas en los diversos problemas emocionales que acompañan a la vejez y que impiden un envejecimiento saludable. Este trabajo estudia el efecto de un Programa de Atención Plena en el bienestar emocional y psicológico y en la calidad de vida de 8 adultos mayores con sentimientos de malestar, soledad y afecto negativo internados en una residencia de ancianos. El programa está constituido por sesiones de evaluación pre-intervención, 8 sesiones de intervención, sesiones de evaluación post-intervención y sesiones de seguimiento (1, 3 y 6 meses). En las sesiones de intervención se llevaron a cabo prácticas formales como “escáner corporal”, meditación y posturas de Hatha Yoga. Dichas prácticas buscaban conseguir que se centraran en el momento presente, que aprendieran estrategias alternativas de gestión emocional como la Aceptación y que fueran más activos y se implicaran en su salud. Los resultados mostraron cambios significativos en afecto negativo (niveles de ansiedad y tristeza), calidad de vida y bienestar psicológico entre los diferentes momentos de medida. Aunque algunas medidas no fueron significativas, sí que se produjo un cambio positivo en todas tras la puesta en marcha del programa. Aun así, sería de interés para estudios futuros utilizar un grupo control de referencia con o sin tratamiento alternativo, buscar formas de estimular el uso continuo de la Atención Plena o ampliar la muestra objeto de estudio.
[EN] Mindfulness-based interventions are increasingly used in the various emotional problems that accompany old age and hinder healthy aging. This study studies the effect of a Mindfulness Program on the emotional and psychological well-being and quality of life of 8 elderly adults with feelings of discomfort, loneliness and negative affect inmated in a nursing home. The program consists of pre-intervention evaluation sessions, 8 intervention sessions, post-intervention evaluation sessions and follow-up sessions (1, 3 and 6 months). In the intervention sessions, formal practices such as "body scans", meditation and Hatha Yoga postures were carried out. These practices sought to focus on the present moment, to learn alternative emotional management strategies such as Acceptance and to be more active and involved in their health. The results showed significant changes in negative affect (levels of anxiety and sadness), quality of life and psychological wellbeing between the different moments of measurement. Although some measures were not significant, there was a positive change after of the program. Even so, it would be of interest for future studies to use a reference control group with or without alternative treatment, look for ways to stimulate the continuous use of mindfulness or expand the sample of study.
[EN] Mindfulness-based interventions are increasingly used in the various emotional problems that accompany old age and hinder healthy aging. This study studies the effect of a Mindfulness Program on the emotional and psychological well-being and quality of life of 8 elderly adults with feelings of discomfort, loneliness and negative affect inmated in a nursing home. The program consists of pre-intervention evaluation sessions, 8 intervention sessions, post-intervention evaluation sessions and follow-up sessions (1, 3 and 6 months). In the intervention sessions, formal practices such as "body scans", meditation and Hatha Yoga postures were carried out. These practices sought to focus on the present moment, to learn alternative emotional management strategies such as Acceptance and to be more active and involved in their health. The results showed significant changes in negative affect (levels of anxiety and sadness), quality of life and psychological wellbeing between the different moments of measurement. Although some measures were not significant, there was a positive change after of the program. Even so, it would be of interest for future studies to use a reference control group with or without alternative treatment, look for ways to stimulate the continuous use of mindfulness or expand the sample of study.