Diversidad de Doriláimidos y Monónquidos (Nematoda: Dorylaimida y Mononchida) en un encinar y en un olivar de un enclave de Sierra Mágina, provincia de Jaén: estudio comparado
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2023-10-10
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
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Esta memoria presenta el estudio de 1076 doriláimidos y monónquidos, recolectados en 20
muestras de 145,27 cm3 de suelo, 10 de encinar y 10 de olivar, en el paraje de Mata Bejid,
provincia de Jaén. Los nematodos se extrajeron mediante el método de centrifugación en
gradiente de sacarosa, se fijaron en formaldehído (4%), se montaron en preparaciones
permanentes en glicerina anhidra y se midieron e identificaron con microscopía óptica. La
comunidad nematológica en su conjunto está formada por 36 especies, de distribución
biogeográfica diversa (42% cosmopolita, 21% paleártica e ibérica, 13% holártica y 4%
bética). Tanto la riqueza específica como la abundancia fueron apreciablemente mayores en
el encinar que en el olivar (30 vs 20 especies en total, 10,3 ± 4,5 vs 6,7 ± 3,6 especies por
muestra, 73,7 ± 65,1 vs 34 ± 25,4 individuos por muestra), si bien las diferencias observadas
no llegaron a ser significativas estadísticamente, seguramente debido a la gran dispersión de
los datos obtenidos y/o el número insuficiente de muestras. Chao 1 fue el estimador no
paramétrico que mejores resultados ha proporcionado para estimar la riqueza específica
existente, con mejor ajuste en el caso del encinar. La composición y la estructura de las
respectivas comunidades nematológicas se vieron afectadas cuando se comparan los datos
de encinar y olivar, ya que sólo comparten un 39% de especies, que incluso variaron en su
importancia (abundancia y frecuencia). Dos especies, Dorylaimellus sp. n. y Allodorylaimus
paragranuliferus muestran diferencias significativas en su distribución, la primera asociada al
encinar y la segunda al olivar.
This report presents the study of 1076 dorylaims and mononchids, collected from 20 samples of 145,27 cm3 of soil, 10 from holm oak forest and 10 from olive orchard at Mata Bejid enclave, province of Jaén. The nematodes were extracted by a sucrose gradient centrifugation method, fixed in formaldehyde (4%), mounted in permanent preparations in anhydrous glycerin and measured and identified by light microscopy. The total of nematological community consists of 36 species, with a diverse biogeographical distribution (42% cosmopolitan, 21% Palaearctic and Iberian, 13% Holarctic and 4% Betic). Specific richness and abundance were appreciably higher in the holm oak forest than in the olive orchard (30 vs 20 species in total, 10,3 ± 4,5 vs 6,7 ± 3,6 species for sample, 73,7 ± 65,1 vs 34 ± 25,4 individuals for sample), but the differences observed were not statistically significant, probably for the large dispersion of the data obtained and/or the insufficient number of samples. Chao 1 was the non-parametric estimator that provided the best results for estimating the existing specific richness, with the best fit for the holm oak forest. The composition and structure of the respective nematological communities for holm oak and olive orchard has been compared. They share only 39% of species, which varied in their importance (abundance and frequency) in both habitats. Two species, Dorylaimellus sp. n. and Allodorylaimus paragranuliferus, show significant differences in their distribution, first associated with holm oak forest and second with olive orchard.
This report presents the study of 1076 dorylaims and mononchids, collected from 20 samples of 145,27 cm3 of soil, 10 from holm oak forest and 10 from olive orchard at Mata Bejid enclave, province of Jaén. The nematodes were extracted by a sucrose gradient centrifugation method, fixed in formaldehyde (4%), mounted in permanent preparations in anhydrous glycerin and measured and identified by light microscopy. The total of nematological community consists of 36 species, with a diverse biogeographical distribution (42% cosmopolitan, 21% Palaearctic and Iberian, 13% Holarctic and 4% Betic). Specific richness and abundance were appreciably higher in the holm oak forest than in the olive orchard (30 vs 20 species in total, 10,3 ± 4,5 vs 6,7 ± 3,6 species for sample, 73,7 ± 65,1 vs 34 ± 25,4 individuals for sample), but the differences observed were not statistically significant, probably for the large dispersion of the data obtained and/or the insufficient number of samples. Chao 1 was the non-parametric estimator that provided the best results for estimating the existing specific richness, with the best fit for the holm oak forest. The composition and structure of the respective nematological communities for holm oak and olive orchard has been compared. They share only 39% of species, which varied in their importance (abundance and frequency) in both habitats. Two species, Dorylaimellus sp. n. and Allodorylaimus paragranuliferus, show significant differences in their distribution, first associated with holm oak forest and second with olive orchard.