Preparación, caracterización y aplicaciones medioambientales de los aerogeles de carbón
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2021-07-09
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
[ES] Actualmente, las aguas residuales están contaminadas por una variedad de metales pesados, que generan efectos negativos en salud humana y el medioambiente. Entre los diferentes métodos empleados para la eliminación de metales pesados en agua, el proceso de adsorción es una de las técnicas más eficientes para la eliminación de iones metálicos en disoluciones acuosas. Los aerogeles de carbón han atraído una atención significativa como adsorbentes para la eliminación de diversos contaminantes medioambientales, debido a sus excelentes propiedades fisicoquímicas. Las investigaciones realizadas se han centrado en el estudio de la adsorción de diversos iones metálicos utilizando aerogeles de carbón como
adsorbentes y de cómo afectan los parámetros operacionales en la capacidad de adsorción del aerogel. Este trabajo proporciona una visión general de los diferentes métodos de síntesis de los aerogeles de carbón, y su empleo como adsorbentes en distintas aplicaciones, concretamente en la de eliminación de metales pesados en aguas.
[EN] Currently, wastewater is contaminated by a variety of heavy metals, which have negative effects on human health and the environment. Among the different methods used for the removal of heavy metals in water, the adsorption process is one of the most efficient techniques for the removal of metal ions in aqueous solutions. Carbon aerogels have attracted significant attention as adsorbents for the removal of various environmental pollutants, due to their excellent physicochemical properties. The investigations carried out have focused on the study of the adsorption of various metal ions using carbon aerogels as adsorbents and how the operational parameters affect the adsorption capacity of the aerogel. This work provides an overview of the different synthesis methods of carbon aerogels, and their use as adsorbents in different applications, specifically in the removal of heavy metals in water.
[EN] Currently, wastewater is contaminated by a variety of heavy metals, which have negative effects on human health and the environment. Among the different methods used for the removal of heavy metals in water, the adsorption process is one of the most efficient techniques for the removal of metal ions in aqueous solutions. Carbon aerogels have attracted significant attention as adsorbents for the removal of various environmental pollutants, due to their excellent physicochemical properties. The investigations carried out have focused on the study of the adsorption of various metal ions using carbon aerogels as adsorbents and how the operational parameters affect the adsorption capacity of the aerogel. This work provides an overview of the different synthesis methods of carbon aerogels, and their use as adsorbents in different applications, specifically in the removal of heavy metals in water.