Papel del sulfuro de hidrógeno durante la respuesta de las plantas a condiciones medioambientales adversas
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2024-09-05
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Jurado Torres, Lucía
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[ES] En los últimos años el interés por el sulfuro de hidrógeno (H2S), que es una molécula gasotransmisora y de señalización que se genera endógenamente en las células vegetales, ha aumentado exponencialmente, ya que se ha demostrado que tiene un efecto positivo en la fisiología de las plantas, participando en procesos como la fotosíntesis o en la germinación de las semillas, entre otros. Las propiedades señalizadoras de esta molécula se ejercen fundamentalmente mediante la persulfidación, que es una modificación post-traduccional de proteínas (PTM) que afecta a los residuos de cisteína sensibles a procesos redox. En este Trabajo Fin de Grado se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica acerca del papel de H2S en la respuesta de las plantas a condiciones de estrés por salinidad y sequía. Los artículos consultados evidencian un claro papel protector de H2S en ambas situaciones de estrés abiótico, efecto que ejerce mediante la persulfidación de determinadas proteínas diana. Esta funcionalidad posiciona al H2S como una herramienta biotecnológica que podría modular la capacidad antioxidante de las plantas y reducir las pérdidas que genera el cambio climático en la productividad de los cultivos.
[EN] In recent years, the interest in hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which is a signalling and gas-transfer molecule generated endogenously in plant cells, has increased exponentially, as it has been shown to have a positive effect on the physiology of plants, participating in processes such as photosynthesis or seed germination, among others. The signaling properties of this molecule are mainly exerted by persulfidation, which is a post-translational modification of proteins (PTM) that affects cysteine residues sensitive to redox processes. In this Final Degree Project, a bibliographic review has been made about the role of H2S in plant response to salinity and drought stress conditions. The analyzed papers show a clear protective role of H2S in both abiotic stress situations, an effect that exerts by persulfidation of target proteins. This functionality make H2S as a biotechnological tool that could modulate the antioxidant capacity of plants and reduce losses generated by climate change in crop productivity.
[EN] In recent years, the interest in hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which is a signalling and gas-transfer molecule generated endogenously in plant cells, has increased exponentially, as it has been shown to have a positive effect on the physiology of plants, participating in processes such as photosynthesis or seed germination, among others. The signaling properties of this molecule are mainly exerted by persulfidation, which is a post-translational modification of proteins (PTM) that affects cysteine residues sensitive to redox processes. In this Final Degree Project, a bibliographic review has been made about the role of H2S in plant response to salinity and drought stress conditions. The analyzed papers show a clear protective role of H2S in both abiotic stress situations, an effect that exerts by persulfidation of target proteins. This functionality make H2S as a biotechnological tool that could modulate the antioxidant capacity of plants and reduce losses generated by climate change in crop productivity.