LA RELACIÓN INTESTINO-CEREBRO Y SU PAPEL EN EL TRASTORNO DEPRESIVO
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2023-01-13
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(ES) Los últimos avances en el estudio de la comunicación entre el eje intestino-cerebro
apuntan al microbioma intestinal como mediador de este. La microbiota es el conjunto de
microorganismos vivos que viven en simbiosis con el humano huésped. El eje intestino-cerebro
es un sistema de comunicación bidireccional que involucra al sistema endocrino, el sistema
inmune y el sistema nervioso. A su vez, moléculas bioactivas derivadas de la microbiota como
neurotransmisores, ácidos grasos de cadena corta y ácidos biliares, pueden modular la
actividad del cerebro y el comportamiento actuando a través del nervio vago. Una disbiosis
intestinal de la microbiota ha sido asociada con desórdenes mentales como la depresión mayor,
en la que los mismos sistemas que comunican el eje intestino-cerebro se encuentran
desregulados. Los avances en este campo son prometedores y alientan a potenciales dianas
terapéuticas para el tratamiento farmacológico de la depresión, como son los probióticos
(EN) The latest advances in the study of the communication between gut-brain axis suggest the intestinal microbiome as a mediator of this axis. The microbiota is the collection of living microorganisms that inhabit in symbiosis with the human host. The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication system involving the endocrine system, the immune system and the nervous system. In turn, microbiota-derived bioactive molecules such as neurotransmitters, short-chain fatty acids and bile acids can modulate brain activity and behavior by acting through the vagus nerve. Gut dysbiosis of the microbiota has been associated with mental disorders such as major depression, in which the same systems that communicate the gut-brain axis are dysregulated. Advances in this field are promising and offer encouragement for potential therapeutic targets for the pharmacological treatment of depression, such as probiotics
(EN) The latest advances in the study of the communication between gut-brain axis suggest the intestinal microbiome as a mediator of this axis. The microbiota is the collection of living microorganisms that inhabit in symbiosis with the human host. The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication system involving the endocrine system, the immune system and the nervous system. In turn, microbiota-derived bioactive molecules such as neurotransmitters, short-chain fatty acids and bile acids can modulate brain activity and behavior by acting through the vagus nerve. Gut dysbiosis of the microbiota has been associated with mental disorders such as major depression, in which the same systems that communicate the gut-brain axis are dysregulated. Advances in this field are promising and offer encouragement for potential therapeutic targets for the pharmacological treatment of depression, such as probiotics