Metodologías y estrategias de enseñanza-aprendizaje activas en Educación Infantil
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2014-06-26
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
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[ES]Para que un aprendizaje basado en competencias sea efectivo, es necesario replantearse los métodos y las estrategias utilizadas en el aula y alejarse, por tanto, de las metodologías tradicionales en las que el maestro es el único poseedor del saber, transmitiéndolo directamente al alumnado. Por esta razón surgen las metodologías activas, que consideran al niño como sujeto activo del proceso, quien es el que toma decisiones en contacto con el medio físico que le rodea.
En este sentido, con el objetivo de promover nuevos métodos y estrategias de enseñanza-aprendizaje, realizo una síntesis sobre las ideas de algunos autores que defienden estos enfoques activos. Y con ello, dar a conocer los aspectos positivos que pueden repercutir en el aprendizaje de los niños. Finalmente, propongo un conjunto de actividades diseñadas bajo una misma temática para, así, confirmar que es posible utilizar métodos activos en un aula de Educación Infantil, respetando el currículum.
[EN]So that a competency-based learning can be fully effective, it is necessary to reconsider the methods and strategies used in the classroom and therefore move away from traditional methods in which the teacher is the only possessor of knowledge who must pass it on directly to students. For this reason, active methodologies consider the child as an active subject of the process that makes decisions in contact with the physical environment. In this regard, and in order to promote new methods and strategies of teaching and learning, I summarise the contributions of some authors who defend these active approaches so as to highlight the positive aspects that can affect children’s learning. Finally, I propose a set of activities designed in relation to the same topic to confirm that it is possible to use active methods in a classroom of elementary education while respecting the curriculum.
[EN]So that a competency-based learning can be fully effective, it is necessary to reconsider the methods and strategies used in the classroom and therefore move away from traditional methods in which the teacher is the only possessor of knowledge who must pass it on directly to students. For this reason, active methodologies consider the child as an active subject of the process that makes decisions in contact with the physical environment. In this regard, and in order to promote new methods and strategies of teaching and learning, I summarise the contributions of some authors who defend these active approaches so as to highlight the positive aspects that can affect children’s learning. Finally, I propose a set of activities designed in relation to the same topic to confirm that it is possible to use active methods in a classroom of elementary education while respecting the curriculum.