LECCIONES APRENDIDAS DE LA CATASTROFE DE JAPÓN: TERREMOTO Y TSUNAMI DE 2011
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2022-07-12
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
[ES] Los desastres geológicos están ligados a la dinámica interna de la Tierra, concretamente al movimiento de las placas tectónicas. Los límites de placa convergentes son lugares de la superficie terrestre que entrañan un grave riesgo para la generación de estos fenómenos, con especial foco en las zonas de subducción. Conocer su distribución y los procesos ligados a los movimientos tectónicos es por tanto de vital importancia para entender y evaluar la magnitud del riesgo geológico, y adoptar las correctas medidas predictivas y preventivas. En este trabajo, se presenta una revisión bibliográfica de los procesos ligados a la actividad tectónica, analizando en particular los riesgos geológicos asociados a las zonas de subducción, concretamente terremotos y tsunamis. En dicho análisis, se estudia el terremoto y posterior tsunami acontecido el 11 de marzo de 2011 en Japón, sus consecuencias, y las medidas de predicción y prevención adoptadas antes y después de dicho acontecimiento.
[EN] Geological disasters are linked to the internal dynamics of the Earth, specifically the movement of tectonic plates. Convergent plate boundaries are places on the Earth's surface that pose a serious risk for the generation of these phenomena, with a special focus on subduction zones. Knowing their distribution and the processes linked to tectonic movements is therefore essential for understanding and assessing the magnitude of the geological hazard, and for adopting the appropriate predictive and preventive measures. In this work, a review of the processes linked to the tectonic activity is presented, analysing in particular the geological hazards associated with subduction zones, specifically earthquakes and tsunamis. In this analysis, we study the earthquake and subsequent tsunami that occurred on 11 March 2011 in Japan, its consequences, and the predictive and preventive measures adopted before and after the event.
[EN] Geological disasters are linked to the internal dynamics of the Earth, specifically the movement of tectonic plates. Convergent plate boundaries are places on the Earth's surface that pose a serious risk for the generation of these phenomena, with a special focus on subduction zones. Knowing their distribution and the processes linked to tectonic movements is therefore essential for understanding and assessing the magnitude of the geological hazard, and for adopting the appropriate predictive and preventive measures. In this work, a review of the processes linked to the tectonic activity is presented, analysing in particular the geological hazards associated with subduction zones, specifically earthquakes and tsunamis. In this analysis, we study the earthquake and subsequent tsunami that occurred on 11 March 2011 in Japan, its consequences, and the predictive and preventive measures adopted before and after the event.