Evaluación de la contaminación por pesticidas en aguas superficiales de España
Fecha
2021-12-02
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
[ES] El uso de los pesticidas de manera generalizada ha aumentado drásticamente en las últimas décadas, teniendo con ello una serie de consecuencias, que afectan de manera indiscriminada, tanto a los sistemas bióticos como abióticos del medio ambiente. Debido a esto, en las aguas superficiales podemos encontrar múltiples tipos de residuos y derivados de estos. La mayoría de estos compuestos están destinados a su uso en la actividad agrícola, de manera que estos rápidamente entran a formar parte del recurso hídrico de la zona, abriéndose camino además mediante otros procesos, en la cadena alimentaria.
La problemática de estos compuestos deriva (debido a los conocidos efectos secundarios) en
microorganismos, invertebrados, vertebrados, así como en organismos vegetales. Por otro lado, existe
muy poca información epidemiológica sobre los efectos en la salud por parte de los pesticidas. Sin
embargo, esto no es lo único a destacar de estos compuestos, ya que poseen características como su
persistencia y su bioacumulación y biomagnificación que provocan graves daños en el medio ambiente
en la actualidad, persistiendo e incrementando los problemas y consecuencias del uso inadecuado de
este tipo de sustancias.
[EN] Worldwide use of pesticides has increased dramatically in last decades, thus having consequences, indiscriminately negatively affecting both the biotic and abiotic systems in the environment. Due to this, multiple types of waste and derivatives are found in surface waters. The purpose of most of these compounds are destined for agricultural activity, they therefore quickly become part of the water resource of the area, in addition to other processes, they also make their way to the food chain. The problem with these compounds is due to their side effects on microorganisms, invertebrates, vertebrates, as well as plant organisms. However, this is not the only thing to highlight of these compounds since they have characteristics such as their persistence, their bioaccumulation and biomagnification causing serious damage to the environment at present, persisting and increasing the problems and consequences of improper use of this type of substances.
[EN] Worldwide use of pesticides has increased dramatically in last decades, thus having consequences, indiscriminately negatively affecting both the biotic and abiotic systems in the environment. Due to this, multiple types of waste and derivatives are found in surface waters. The purpose of most of these compounds are destined for agricultural activity, they therefore quickly become part of the water resource of the area, in addition to other processes, they also make their way to the food chain. The problem with these compounds is due to their side effects on microorganisms, invertebrates, vertebrates, as well as plant organisms. However, this is not the only thing to highlight of these compounds since they have characteristics such as their persistence, their bioaccumulation and biomagnification causing serious damage to the environment at present, persisting and increasing the problems and consequences of improper use of this type of substances.