IMPACTO DEL DSM-5 EN VARIABLES DE PSICOPATOLOGÍA, EVALUACIÓN Y TRATAMIENTO DE PROBLEMAS DEL ESTADO DE ÁNIMO EN ADULTOS.
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2017-05-17
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
Los trastornos del estado de ánimo son frecuentes y es una de las principales
causas de pérdida de bienestar en las sociedades avanzadas. La depresión es una de las
principales causas de discapacidad en el mundo. Por otra parte, el trastorno bipolar se
caracteriza por ser un trastorno psiquiátrico grave en el que aparecen uno o más
episodios maníacos. El trastorno de desregulación disruptiva del estado de ánimo,
añadido como un nuevo trastorno en el DSM-5, se trata de una alteración del estado del
ánimo grave, altamente comórbido en la infancia y que tiene un mal pronóstico. El
objetivo de esta revisión ha sido demostrar los cambios que han ocurrido en la
clasificación y en el diagnóstico de los trastornos del estado del ánimo con la regulación
del DSM-5, con una breve comparativa con su antecesor, el DSM-IV.
Con este objetivo se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos
electrónicas MEDLINE PROQUEST, PSYCINFO y PSICODOC, empleando las
siguientes palabras clave: “DSM-5”, el conector “AND” y el resto de términos que
vienen a continuación: dirsruptive mood dysregulation disorder, major depressive
disorder, persistent depressive disorder, bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder. Para ser
incluidos en la revisión, los estudios tenían que cumplir los siguientes criterios: (1)
todos ellos deberían incluir la palabra clave “DSM-5” en el título; (2) tener acceso al
texto completo; (3) que sean artículos redactados en castellano y/o inglés; (4) deben ser
textos empíricos y (5) el trastorno del estado de ánimo tiene que ser el trastorno
principal, no secundario.
El hallazgo final al realizar la búsqueda y al analizar cada uno de los artículos, se
concluye que 11 artículos han cumplido los criterios de inclusión. Aunque los textos
difieren entre sí, se puede concluir que hay diferencias significativas con la aplicación
del DSM-5.
Mood disorders are common and it is one of the main causes of loss of welfare in advanced societies. Depression is one of the leading causes of disability in the world. On the other hand, bipolar disorder is characterized as a serious psychiatric disorder in which one or more manic episodes occur. Disruptive mood disorder, added as a new disorder in DSM-5, it is a disorder of severe mood, highly comorbid in childhood and it has a poor prognosis. The objective of this review was to demonstrate the changes that 4 have occurred in the classification and diagnosis of mood disorders with the regulation of DSM-5, with a brief comparison with its predecessor, DSM-IV. For this purpose a bibliographic search was carried out in the MEDLINE PROQUEST, PSYCINFO and PSICODOC electronic databases, using the following keywords: "DSM-5", the “AND” connector and the rest of the terms that follow: dirsruptive mood dysregulation disorder, major depressive disorder, persistent depressive disorder, bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder. To be included in the review, the studies had to meet the following criteria: (1) all of them should include the keyword DSM-5 in the title; (2) to have access to the full text; (3) be articles written in Spanish or English; (4) should be empirical texts and; (5) mood disorder has to be the main, not secondary disorder. The final finding when searching and analyzing each one of the articles, it is concluded that 11 articles have met the inclusion criteria. Although the texts differ from each other, it can be concluded that there are significant differences with the application of DSM-5.
Mood disorders are common and it is one of the main causes of loss of welfare in advanced societies. Depression is one of the leading causes of disability in the world. On the other hand, bipolar disorder is characterized as a serious psychiatric disorder in which one or more manic episodes occur. Disruptive mood disorder, added as a new disorder in DSM-5, it is a disorder of severe mood, highly comorbid in childhood and it has a poor prognosis. The objective of this review was to demonstrate the changes that 4 have occurred in the classification and diagnosis of mood disorders with the regulation of DSM-5, with a brief comparison with its predecessor, DSM-IV. For this purpose a bibliographic search was carried out in the MEDLINE PROQUEST, PSYCINFO and PSICODOC electronic databases, using the following keywords: "DSM-5", the “AND” connector and the rest of the terms that follow: dirsruptive mood dysregulation disorder, major depressive disorder, persistent depressive disorder, bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder. To be included in the review, the studies had to meet the following criteria: (1) all of them should include the keyword DSM-5 in the title; (2) to have access to the full text; (3) be articles written in Spanish or English; (4) should be empirical texts and; (5) mood disorder has to be the main, not secondary disorder. The final finding when searching and analyzing each one of the articles, it is concluded that 11 articles have met the inclusion criteria. Although the texts differ from each other, it can be concluded that there are significant differences with the application of DSM-5.