Aspectos neurobiológicos de la adicción a internet y las redes sociales
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2016-07-22
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
En el presente trabajo se revisa y analiza el conocimiento existente acerca de la adicción a internet y las redes
sociales. Se presta especial atención a los correlatos neurobiológicos de tal adicción, incluyendo datos acerca de las
alteraciones neuroquímicas y estructurales del sistema nervioso, así como otros procedentes del campo de la
genética molecular. Los datos sugieren que las áreas cerebrales afectadas en personas con adicción a internet se
asemejan a las implicadas en personas con adicción a sustancias. Además, se incluye una breve descripción de las
consecuencias negativas que la adición a internet puede producir a nivel psicológico y físico, así como una revisión
de los métodos terapéuticos empleados para su tratamiento. Para finalizar, se resalta la necesidad de realizar más
estudios sobre estas nuevas adicciones y así poder obtener más información sobre un tema que hoy día está en auge
y que va evolucionando de forma exponencial.
In this work, the present knowledge about internet addiction and social networks is reviewed and analyzed. We pay special attention to the neurobiological correlates of this addiction, including data about the neurochemical and structural changes in the central nervous system as well as others from the field of molecular genetics, which have been obtained from people with this type of addiction. The data suggest that the affected brain areas in people with internet addiction are similar to those altered in people with substance addiction. Moreover, this work includes a brief description of the negative consequences that internet addiction could produce both psychological and physically, as well as a review of the therapeutic methods currently used for its treatment. Finally, we highlight the need to realize more studies on these new addictions and therefore to be able to obtain more information about a topic that is growing exponentially over the years.
In this work, the present knowledge about internet addiction and social networks is reviewed and analyzed. We pay special attention to the neurobiological correlates of this addiction, including data about the neurochemical and structural changes in the central nervous system as well as others from the field of molecular genetics, which have been obtained from people with this type of addiction. The data suggest that the affected brain areas in people with internet addiction are similar to those altered in people with substance addiction. Moreover, this work includes a brief description of the negative consequences that internet addiction could produce both psychological and physically, as well as a review of the therapeutic methods currently used for its treatment. Finally, we highlight the need to realize more studies on these new addictions and therefore to be able to obtain more information about a topic that is growing exponentially over the years.