LA RELACIÓN DE LA PRÁCTICA DE ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA Y LA SALUD MENTAL EN LA POBLACIÓN ADULTA.
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2016-11-30
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
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[ES]El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la asociación entre diferentes ámbitos de actividad física (práctica deportiva en agua, en seco y sedentario) y algunos niveles de salud mental en adultos mayores de 55 años. Además se pretendió conocer si existía diferencia en cuanto al sexo. La muestra estaba compuesta por 60 participantes (36% mujeres, 24% hombres), divididos en tres grupos de 20 sujetos, con 3 condiciones experimentales cada grupo: a) personas que no realizaban actividad física (sedentarias), b) aquellas que realizaban actividad física en agua; y c) el formado por personas que realizaban actividad física en seco. Los constructos psicológicos que se midieron fueron: La calidad de vida (bienestar psicológico, físico, social y ambiental), los niveles de ansiedad y depresión, así como la evitación experiencial, la aceptación psicológica, la rumiación para exteriorizar las emociones, el control de las emociones a través de la supresión y la confianza para no perder el equilibrio. Los resultados destacan la mejora de la calidad de vida (p< .001), la depresión (p<.005) y la rumiación (p<.02) al realizar actividad física tanto en agua como en seco. En la relación con la ansiedad y el equilibrio, se obtuvieron diferencias marginalmente significativas entre el grupo de agua y el grupo sedentario para el nivel de ansiedad, mientras que se observaron diferencias en la variable equilibrio entre el grupo sedentario y aquellos que realizaban actividad física en seco. No se hallaron diferencias significativas en la supresión y evitación entre los diferentes grupos. En cuanto al sexo, no existen diferencias significativas en las variables de analizadas.
[EN]The aim of this study was to analyze the association between different physical activity areas and some levels of mental health in adults over 55 years of age. Also, it was sought to know if there was a difference in terms of sex. The sample consisted of 60 participants (36% female, 24% male), divided into three groups of 20 subjects, with 3 experimental conditions: a) people who didn´t do physical activity (sedentary), b) those who did physical activity in water; And c) the one formed by people who did dry physical activity. The psychological constructs that were measured were: Quality of life (psychological, physical, social and environmental well-being), levels of anxiety and depression, as well as experiential avoidance, psychological acceptance, rumination to externalize emotions, control emotions through suppression and confidence to not lose balance. The results highlight the improvement of the quality of life (p <.001), depression (p <.005) and rumination (p <.02) when doing physical activity in both water and dry. In relation to anxiety and balance, there were marginally significant differences between the water group and the sedentary group for the level of anxiety, while in the variable balance between the sedentary group and those did dry physical activity were observed. There weren´t significant differences in suppression and avoidance between different groups are shown. As for sex, there aren´t significant differences in the variables analyzed.
[EN]The aim of this study was to analyze the association between different physical activity areas and some levels of mental health in adults over 55 years of age. Also, it was sought to know if there was a difference in terms of sex. The sample consisted of 60 participants (36% female, 24% male), divided into three groups of 20 subjects, with 3 experimental conditions: a) people who didn´t do physical activity (sedentary), b) those who did physical activity in water; And c) the one formed by people who did dry physical activity. The psychological constructs that were measured were: Quality of life (psychological, physical, social and environmental well-being), levels of anxiety and depression, as well as experiential avoidance, psychological acceptance, rumination to externalize emotions, control emotions through suppression and confidence to not lose balance. The results highlight the improvement of the quality of life (p <.001), depression (p <.005) and rumination (p <.02) when doing physical activity in both water and dry. In relation to anxiety and balance, there were marginally significant differences between the water group and the sedentary group for the level of anxiety, while in the variable balance between the sedentary group and those did dry physical activity were observed. There weren´t significant differences in suppression and avoidance between different groups are shown. As for sex, there aren´t significant differences in the variables analyzed.
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Actividad física y salud