Revisión y casos prácticos de reciclaje químico de residuos poliméricos: optimización parámetros de pirolisis de residuos de LDPE para el aprovechamiento de biofuel
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2022-10-04
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[ES] La pirolisis nos presenta una vía interesante en el reciclado y valorización de los residuos plásticos, pues permite transformarlos en otros compuestos químicos.
Se ha evaluado la influencia de un número de variables de operación en la degradación térmica del LDPE, concretamente las rampas de temperatura en la que se realiza la pirolisis y la velocidad de calentamiento que se aplica en ella. Para ello se ha utilizado pirolisis acoplada con cromatografía de gases y espectrometría de masas.
Si la hipótesis era con ello generar compuestos que sirvieran como combustible para el proceso y eso requería elevadas proporciones de alcanos de cadena corta, tras realizar los análisis y meditar sus resultados se vé que no se han encontrado dichos productos.
Se extrae del estudio realizado como principal conclusión el que en las condiciones del trabajo llevadas a cabo, no se obtienen efluentes líquidos con potencial de realimentación del proceso.
[EN] The pyrolysis treatment is an very interesting way to recycle and recover plastic waste, as it allows it to be transformed into other chemical compounds. The influence of a number of operating variables on the thermal degradation of LDPE has been evaluated, in this study more specifically the temperature ramps at which pyrolysis is carried out and the heating rate applied to it. For this purpose, pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (P‐GC‐MS) was used. If the hypothesis was to generate compounds that would serve as fuel for the process and this required high proportion of short‐chain alkanes, after carrying out the analyses and considering the results, it is clear that no such products have been found. The main conclusion drawn from the study is that under the experimental conditions of the work carried out, no liquid effluents with the potential to feed back into the process are obtained.
[EN] The pyrolysis treatment is an very interesting way to recycle and recover plastic waste, as it allows it to be transformed into other chemical compounds. The influence of a number of operating variables on the thermal degradation of LDPE has been evaluated, in this study more specifically the temperature ramps at which pyrolysis is carried out and the heating rate applied to it. For this purpose, pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (P‐GC‐MS) was used. If the hypothesis was to generate compounds that would serve as fuel for the process and this required high proportion of short‐chain alkanes, after carrying out the analyses and considering the results, it is clear that no such products have been found. The main conclusion drawn from the study is that under the experimental conditions of the work carried out, no liquid effluents with the potential to feed back into the process are obtained.