Aplicación de Lactobacillus pentosus MP-10 como cultivo iniciador de la fermentación de aceitunas verdes
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2016-07-06
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
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[ES]Las aceitunas de mesa es uno de los alimentos fermentados más antiguos, y debido a la situación geográfica en la que nos encontramos se consideran un componente importante en la dieta mediterránea. Pero a pesar de su importancia económica, este proceso sigue haciéndose de forma espontánea. En este estudio, se ha investigado la implantación de Lactobacillus pentosus MP-10, aislada previamente de la fermentación natural de la aceituna Aloreña, como cultivo iniciador en la fermentación de aceitunas verdes de mesa (variedad Picual). Las cepas se inocularon en dos lotes (A y B), poniendo un control sin cultivo iniciador. Para ello, hemos aislado las bacterias del ácido láctico a lo largo de la fermentación (3 meses) y hemos determinado la identidad de dicha bacteria mediante el tipado molecular con REP-PCR. Dicha cepa probiótica colonizó con éxito la superficie de las aceitunas ya que el análisis REP-PCR reveló que Lb. pentosus MP-10 presentó mayor colonización en ambos lotes, mientras que no aparecía en el control. En cuanto al desarrollo de la fermentación, el pH bajo como indicador de la acidificación del medio ha sido más notorio en las aceitunas fermentadas con Lb. pentosus MP-10 que en el control sin cultivo iniciador. Por otra parte, las aceitunas de mesa obtenidas con cultivo iniciador mostraron mejores características en comparación con las no tratadas. Estos resultados muestran que el proceso de fermentación fue controlado con éxito por Lb. pentosus MP-10.
[EN]Table olives is one of the oldest fermented foods since ancient times, and due to our geographical situation they are considered an important component in the Mediterranean diet. But despite its economic importance, this process is still done spontaneously. It has investigated the implantation of Lactobacillus pentosus MP-10, previously isolated from natural fermentation of Aloreña olives as starter culture in the fermentation of green table olives (Picual). Strains were inoculated into two batches (A and B), placing a control without starter culture. For this, we have isolated lactic acid bacteria during fermentation (3 months) and we determined the identity of such bacteria by molecular typing with REP-PCR. Such probiotic strain successfully colonized the surface of olives since the REP-PCR analysis revealed that Lb. pentosus MP-10 showed higher colonization in both batches, while it was absent in the control. Regarding the development of fermentation process, the low pH indicating medium acidification has been most noticeable in the olives fermented with Lb. pentosus MP-10 than in control without starter culture. Moreover, table olives obtained with starter culture showed better organoleptic properties compared to untreated olives. These results show that the fermentation process was successfully controlled by Lb. pentosus MP-10.
[EN]Table olives is one of the oldest fermented foods since ancient times, and due to our geographical situation they are considered an important component in the Mediterranean diet. But despite its economic importance, this process is still done spontaneously. It has investigated the implantation of Lactobacillus pentosus MP-10, previously isolated from natural fermentation of Aloreña olives as starter culture in the fermentation of green table olives (Picual). Strains were inoculated into two batches (A and B), placing a control without starter culture. For this, we have isolated lactic acid bacteria during fermentation (3 months) and we determined the identity of such bacteria by molecular typing with REP-PCR. Such probiotic strain successfully colonized the surface of olives since the REP-PCR analysis revealed that Lb. pentosus MP-10 showed higher colonization in both batches, while it was absent in the control. Regarding the development of fermentation process, the low pH indicating medium acidification has been most noticeable in the olives fermented with Lb. pentosus MP-10 than in control without starter culture. Moreover, table olives obtained with starter culture showed better organoleptic properties compared to untreated olives. These results show that the fermentation process was successfully controlled by Lb. pentosus MP-10.