Evaluación de la fuerza en personas mayores en relación al sexo y a la edad
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2021-02-04
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[ES]El objetivo de este estudio es describir la capacidad de fuerza en personas mayores que participan
regularmente en un programa de actividad física, analizando cómo influye la edad y el sexo en el
comportamiento de esta. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en el que participaron 500
hombres y mujeres entre 60 y 85 años (edad: 70,46±7,04 años), pertenecientes al programa de actividad
física de la Universidad de Jaén. La variable fuerza se midió con el test de la silla, la dinamometría manual
y la velocidad de la marcha. Se obtuvieron diferencias significativas en la edad, peso, talla, dinamometría
manual y la velocidad de la marcha de 0-8 metros. En el análisis por correlaciones se observó, que en todas
las pruebas realizadas a mayor edad existe menos fuerza. La principal conclusión del estudio fue la
influencia del sexo y la edad en cuanto a la fuerza, los hombres son más fuertes que las mujeres y a más
edad se pierden capacidades físicas como la fuerza y la velocidad de la marcha disminuye.
PALABRAS CLAVE: Personas mayores, fuerza, velocidad de la marcha.
[EN]The aim of this study is to describe strength capacity in older people who regularly participate in a physical activity program, analyzing how age and sex influence physical activity behavior. It is a cross-sectional descriptive study in which 500 men and women between 60 and 85 years old (age: 70.46±7.04), belonging to the physical activity program of the University of Jaén, participated. The strength variable was measured with the chair test, manual dynamometry and walking speed. Significant differences were obtained in age, weight, height, manual dynamometry and walking speed of 0-8 meters. In the correlation analysis it was observed that in all tests performed at a higher age there is less force. The main conclusion of the study was the influence of sex and age in terms of strength. Men are stronger than women and the older they get, the less physical capacity they have, as the strength and speed of walking decreases. KEY WORDS: Older people, strength, walking speed.
[EN]The aim of this study is to describe strength capacity in older people who regularly participate in a physical activity program, analyzing how age and sex influence physical activity behavior. It is a cross-sectional descriptive study in which 500 men and women between 60 and 85 years old (age: 70.46±7.04), belonging to the physical activity program of the University of Jaén, participated. The strength variable was measured with the chair test, manual dynamometry and walking speed. Significant differences were obtained in age, weight, height, manual dynamometry and walking speed of 0-8 meters. In the correlation analysis it was observed that in all tests performed at a higher age there is less force. The main conclusion of the study was the influence of sex and age in terms of strength. Men are stronger than women and the older they get, the less physical capacity they have, as the strength and speed of walking decreases. KEY WORDS: Older people, strength, walking speed.
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Educación Física