Diversidad de nematodos en la Costa Atlántica de la provincia de Cádiz.
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2018-03-12
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
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[ES] Los nematodos son un filo diversificado con capacidad de vivir en casi cualquier tipo de hábitats, entre ellas las dunas costeras. En la península ibérica existen zonas dunares, como en la costa atlántica de la provincia de Cádiz, dónde el suelo carece de humedad y la escasa presencia de ésta es aportada por el océano Atlántico. En el presente trabajo se han estudiado los nematodos presentes en dunas costeras de nueve localidades de la provincia de Cádiz, hallando 33 especies pertenecientes a cuatro órdenes. De todas las localidades examinadas, Rota es la que presenta un mayor número de especies, mientras que Cabo de Trafalgar muestra una mayor diversidad de órdenes. Por el contrario, El Palmar y Los Lances son las localidades con un menor número tanto de especies como de órdenes. De todos ellos, el orden Rhabditida es el más abundante, probablemente por ser el que presenta una mayor capacidad de adaptación a ambientes xéricos. En cuanto al grupo trófico, los bacteriófagos se encuentran en cantidades mayores, seguidos de fitoparásitos y micófagos y con una proporción mucho más baja se encuentran los omnívoros y depredadores. No se han encontrado especies endémicas propias de la zona examinada aunque Nothacrobeles lanceolatus, una especie endémica del sur de la Península, amplía aquí su área de distribución. De todas las especies halladas solo tres son propias de zonas xéricas por lo que el área estudiada no se puede catalogar estrictamente como xérica.
[EN] Nematodes are a diversified phylum with the ability to live in almost any type of habitat, including coastal dunes. In the Iberian Peninsula there are dune areas, such as the Atlantic coast of the province of Cádiz, where the soil lacks moisture and the scarce presence of this is provided by the Atlantic Ocean. In the present work the nematodes present in coastal dunes of nine localities of the province of Cádiz have been studied, finding 33 species belonging to four orders. Among the localities examined, Rota has the greatest number of species, while Cabo de Trafalgar shows a greater diversity of orders. However, El Palmar and Los Lances are the localities with the least number of species and orders. Among of them, the order Rhabditida is the most abundant, probably because it has the greatest ability to adapt to xeric environments. Respect to the trophic group, the bacteriophages are found in larger quantities, followed by phytoparasites and mycophagous and with a much lower proportion are the omnivores and predators. No endemic species have been found in the area examined, although Nothacrobeles lanceolatus, an endemic species from the south of the Peninsula, expands its distribution area. Among the species found, only three are typical of xeric zones, so the area studied cannot be categorized strictly as xeric.
[EN] Nematodes are a diversified phylum with the ability to live in almost any type of habitat, including coastal dunes. In the Iberian Peninsula there are dune areas, such as the Atlantic coast of the province of Cádiz, where the soil lacks moisture and the scarce presence of this is provided by the Atlantic Ocean. In the present work the nematodes present in coastal dunes of nine localities of the province of Cádiz have been studied, finding 33 species belonging to four orders. Among the localities examined, Rota has the greatest number of species, while Cabo de Trafalgar shows a greater diversity of orders. However, El Palmar and Los Lances are the localities with the least number of species and orders. Among of them, the order Rhabditida is the most abundant, probably because it has the greatest ability to adapt to xeric environments. Respect to the trophic group, the bacteriophages are found in larger quantities, followed by phytoparasites and mycophagous and with a much lower proportion are the omnivores and predators. No endemic species have been found in the area examined, although Nothacrobeles lanceolatus, an endemic species from the south of the Peninsula, expands its distribution area. Among the species found, only three are typical of xeric zones, so the area studied cannot be categorized strictly as xeric.