Comparación de tratamientos psicoterapéuticos para el dolor crónico pediátrico: revisión sistemática
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2020-07-01
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
A pesar del avance en el conocimiento del dolor pediátrico en los últimos 15 años, el dolor infanto- juvenil sigue siendo comúnmente no reconocido, descartado o manejado de forma incorrecta e ineficaz, siendo tratado en su mayoría desde un enfoque biomédico.
El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo principal determinar la efectividad de la terapia cognitivo- conductual (CBT) y la terapia de aceptación y compromiso (ACT) como tratamientos para el dolor crónico en niños y adolescentes, examinando con ello los beneficios aportados por cada terapia.
Este trabajo revisa 18 artículos acerca de la implantación de las terapias psicológicas mencionadas en población menor de 18 años. Los resultados obtenidos son significativamente positivos para ambas terapias. Concluimos que son terapias eficaces como tratamientos del dolor crónico en esta población, pudiendo establecerse como tratamientos de primera línea, mostrando la CBT mayor reducción de sintomatología y la ACT mayores efectos sobre discapacidad funcional y calidad de vida.
Despite progress in the knowledge of pediatric pain in the last 15 years, infanto-juvenile pain is still commonly not recognized, discarded or handled incorrectly and ineffectively, being treated mostly from a biomedical approach. The main objective of this paper is to determine the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) as treatments for chronic pain in children and adolescents, examining the benefits of each therapy. This paper reviews 18 articles on the implementation of the mentioned psychological therapies in the population under 18 years of age. The results obtained are significantly positive for both therapies. We conclude that they are effective therapies as treatments of chronic pain in this population, being established as first-line treatments, showing the CBT greater reduction of symptoms and the ACT greater effects on functional disability and quality of life.
Despite progress in the knowledge of pediatric pain in the last 15 years, infanto-juvenile pain is still commonly not recognized, discarded or handled incorrectly and ineffectively, being treated mostly from a biomedical approach. The main objective of this paper is to determine the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) as treatments for chronic pain in children and adolescents, examining the benefits of each therapy. This paper reviews 18 articles on the implementation of the mentioned psychological therapies in the population under 18 years of age. The results obtained are significantly positive for both therapies. We conclude that they are effective therapies as treatments of chronic pain in this population, being established as first-line treatments, showing the CBT greater reduction of symptoms and the ACT greater effects on functional disability and quality of life.