LA IMAGEN APLICADA EN LA PRÁCTICA DESDE EL AUTISMO
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2017-05-23
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
El presente trabajo realiza un recorrido que gira en torno a dos ejes principales: el autismo y la imagen aplicada a la práctica dentro del currículum. A la vez que profundiza sobre la evolución histórica de la imagen y su situación actual, se resalta la extraordinaria importancia que ha adquirido su aplicación en la práctica escolar en general, pero de un modo particular hacia las personas con distintas capacidades funcionales, como es el caso de los Trastornos del Espectro Autista (TEA). Por sus peculiares características, este alumnado requiere una especial atención en este aspecto sensorial, mucho más explícito sobre todo a nivel iconográfico. Asimismo, dentro de los diferentes objetivos que se persiguen están:
1) La utilización de la imagen.
2) La exploración de los diferentes recursos que existen en relación con la práctica de imágenes y la atención a la diversidad de una forma satisfactoria, es decir, como aplicación dentro del aula.
3) La aportación de experiencias para mejorar las prácticas educativas con los Trastornos del Espectro Autista (TEA), para una educación lo más ecuánime posible.
Por todo ello en este trabajo se ha hecho un estudio sobre todos los antecedentes relacionados con el autismo y la imagen en la práctica. Además de los materiales, las diferentes metodologías y los últimos avances en relación a aquellos aspectos de especial relevancia. Sin embargo, aún queda el gran reto de una continua tarea en aras a una mayor equidad hasta alcanzar una inclusión educativa real y efectiva recogida como referente básico en la legislación de nuestro sistema educativo, principio que se vincula a la dignidad e igualdad de las personas como derecho intransferible. Aunque, se ha avanzado notablemente en los principios básicos de inclusión, no obstante, es necesaria la investigación y ampliación de nuevos conocimientos que aporten ideas y soluciones efectivas que faciliten la vida diaria de estas personas, equipándose así, todo lo que se pueda al resto del alumnado.
This thesis revolves around two main axes: autism and the adaptation of the school curriculum to autistic learning methods, specifically to the use of images. At the same time, it delves into the historical evolution of “images” from the invention of photography to the digital age. As well as the current state of the use of images in general teaching and more specifically in the teaching of people with disabilities as is the case of Autistic Spectrum Disorders (TEA). Because of the peculiar characteristics, of these students, special attention needs to be paid to visual teaching, and especially at the iconographic level. The different objectives that are examined here are: 1) The use of the image. 2) The exploration of the different resources that exist in relationship to how the image is used, with special attention paid to diversity and its application within the classroom. 3) The planning of the incorporation of these techniques as smoothly as possible to improve educational practices for students with Autism Spectrum Disorders (TEA). The first part of the study is of all the antecedents related to: autism and image in practice and additionally to the materials, the different methodologies and the latest advances. However, there is still the great challenge to the continuous task of greater equity and far to go until real and effective educational inclusion is achieved as a basic part of the legislation of our educational system. This inclusion is linked to the dignity and equality of people as non-transferable right. Significant advances have been made in the basic principles of inclusion, however, it is necessary to research and expand new knowledge to provide ideas and effective solutions that facilitate the daily life of these people, thus adapting their environment as much as possible for their incorporation with the rest of the pupils.
This thesis revolves around two main axes: autism and the adaptation of the school curriculum to autistic learning methods, specifically to the use of images. At the same time, it delves into the historical evolution of “images” from the invention of photography to the digital age. As well as the current state of the use of images in general teaching and more specifically in the teaching of people with disabilities as is the case of Autistic Spectrum Disorders (TEA). Because of the peculiar characteristics, of these students, special attention needs to be paid to visual teaching, and especially at the iconographic level. The different objectives that are examined here are: 1) The use of the image. 2) The exploration of the different resources that exist in relationship to how the image is used, with special attention paid to diversity and its application within the classroom. 3) The planning of the incorporation of these techniques as smoothly as possible to improve educational practices for students with Autism Spectrum Disorders (TEA). The first part of the study is of all the antecedents related to: autism and image in practice and additionally to the materials, the different methodologies and the latest advances. However, there is still the great challenge to the continuous task of greater equity and far to go until real and effective educational inclusion is achieved as a basic part of the legislation of our educational system. This inclusion is linked to the dignity and equality of people as non-transferable right. Significant advances have been made in the basic principles of inclusion, however, it is necessary to research and expand new knowledge to provide ideas and effective solutions that facilitate the daily life of these people, thus adapting their environment as much as possible for their incorporation with the rest of the pupils.
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Pedagogía Terapeutica