Caracterización hidrogeológica e Hidrogeoquímica de manantiales del acuífero de Navalperal-Las Acebeas (Provincia de Jaén)
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2016-07-12
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
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[ES]En la Sierra de Segura existen numerosos acuíferos kársticos asociados a elevaciones topográficas que forman sinclinales, a mayor cota que los valles ocupados por los anticlinales, lo que condiciona una serie de sistemas acuíferos colgados drenados por surgencias. Estos acuíferos minoritarios se sitúan en la denominada zona del relieve invertido, siendo el de Navalperal-Las Acebeas uno de éstos y el objeto de este trabajo fin de grado.
El principal objetivo del presente estudio consiste en realizar una caracterización de las propiedades físico-químicas de las aguas subterráneas del acuífero de Navalperal-Las Acebeas, así como de los materiales que conforman el mismo y por los que circulan estas aguas. Este estudio permitirá estimar los recursos hídricos del acuífero, indicar la calidad de sus aguas y determinar su mejor aprovechamiento a través de los manantiales existentes o de potenciales sondeos, de manera que la población local se pueda ver beneficiada en un futuro.
Para llevar a cabo esta caracterización, se ha realizado un inventario de puntos de agua y de rocas siguiendo un protocolo estándar de muestreo, en cada caso, para posteriormente llevar a cabo los análisis de las muestras, tanto in situ como en laboratorio. Además, los datos climáticos nos han permitido realizar un estudio hidrometeorológico de la estación climática más próxima.
A continuación se presentan las principales conclusiones de este estudio:
Las aguas del acuífero de Navalperal presentan unas características hidrogeoquímicas de alta calidad según los diagramas representados en este trabajo y estando todas las muestras dentro de los límites de potabilidad analizados en el estudio según el R. D. 140/2003 sobre los criterios sanitarios de la calidad del agua de consumo humano.
Dichas características de las aguas, se deben a la composición mineralógica de los materiales que conforman el acuífero, principalmente calizas y dolomías ricas en Ca y Mg, respectivamente. Así las facies hidroquímicas presentes en todas las muestras son aguas bicarbonatadas cálcicas y/o magnésicas, estando, directamente relacionadas con la circulación y almacenamiento de las aguas en su interior.
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Los recursos hídricos de la zona no presentan problemas de escasez, ya que las precipitaciones suelen ser abundantes durante el año y no hay presión antrópica. Sería interesante realizar un estudio más profundo sobre la recarga de los acuíferos Jurásicos que se encuentran bajo los Cretácicos y de los que se abastece gran población de la comarca para poder obtener un mejor rendimiento de los recursos hídricos de la zona.
[EN]In the Sierra de Segura there are many karstic aquifers associated with topographic elevations that form synclines, the greater dimension than the valleys occupied by the anticlines, which affects a number of suspended water systems drained by upwellings. These minority aquifers are located in the area, known as the inverted relief, being Navalperal-Las Acebeas one of these and the object of this study. The main objective of this study is to perform a physical and chemical groundwater characterization of the Navalperal-Las Acebeas aquifer, as well as the rocks. This study will estimate the aquifer water resources, indicating the water quality and determining the best use of these springs, so that local people can get benefit in the future. To perform this characterization, an inventory of water points and rocks has been made, to subsequently carry out the analysis of samples, both in situ and in the laboratory. In addition, climate data have allowed us to make a hydrometeorological study the nearest weather station. The main conclusions of this study are: - The waters of the Navalperal aquifer have high quality features, according to the diagrams shown in this work and all samples being within the limits of potability analyzed in the study according to RD 140/2003 on health criteria for water quality for human consumption. - These characteristics of the water, due to the mineralogical composition of the materials that make up the aquifer, mainly limestones and dolomites rich in Ca 5 and Mg, respectively. So, in all samples bicarbonate calcium and / or magnesium hydrochemical facies are present, being directly linked to the movement and storage of water inside the aquifer. - Water resources in the area have no shortage problems, because usually abundant rainfall during the year and no anthropic pressure. It would be interesting to make a further study on the recharge of aquifers Jurassic under the Cretaceous and that a large population of the region is supplied to obtain better performance of water resources in the area.
[EN]In the Sierra de Segura there are many karstic aquifers associated with topographic elevations that form synclines, the greater dimension than the valleys occupied by the anticlines, which affects a number of suspended water systems drained by upwellings. These minority aquifers are located in the area, known as the inverted relief, being Navalperal-Las Acebeas one of these and the object of this study. The main objective of this study is to perform a physical and chemical groundwater characterization of the Navalperal-Las Acebeas aquifer, as well as the rocks. This study will estimate the aquifer water resources, indicating the water quality and determining the best use of these springs, so that local people can get benefit in the future. To perform this characterization, an inventory of water points and rocks has been made, to subsequently carry out the analysis of samples, both in situ and in the laboratory. In addition, climate data have allowed us to make a hydrometeorological study the nearest weather station. The main conclusions of this study are: - The waters of the Navalperal aquifer have high quality features, according to the diagrams shown in this work and all samples being within the limits of potability analyzed in the study according to RD 140/2003 on health criteria for water quality for human consumption. - These characteristics of the water, due to the mineralogical composition of the materials that make up the aquifer, mainly limestones and dolomites rich in Ca 5 and Mg, respectively. So, in all samples bicarbonate calcium and / or magnesium hydrochemical facies are present, being directly linked to the movement and storage of water inside the aquifer. - Water resources in the area have no shortage problems, because usually abundant rainfall during the year and no anthropic pressure. It would be interesting to make a further study on the recharge of aquifers Jurassic under the Cretaceous and that a large population of the region is supplied to obtain better performance of water resources in the area.