Nutrientes y trastornos neurológicos y neurodegenerativos: relación y efectos
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2022-03-08
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
[ES] Las enfermedades neurológicas y neurodegenerativas son cada vez más frecuentes y suponen un serio problema para la salud pública ya que son limitantes. Entre ellas encontramos la depresión, el Alzheimer y el Párkinson, en las cuales se producen alteraciones cognitivas marcadas por el aumento de moléculas proinflamatorias, aparición de estrés oxidativo y daño neuronal. En su desarrollo interviene el “eje microbiota-intestino-cerebro” y una alteración de la microbiota intestinal puede modular y alterar las funciones cerebrales. Diversos factores afectan a esta asociación, postulándose la dieta como uno de los más importantes.
Aunque aún deben realizarse más investigaciones para estudiar la relación entre microbiota, intestino y
función cerebral, a fin de conocer más en profundidad los mecanismos implicados en esta asociación,
analizaremos las conclusiones a las que han llegado estudios previos con respecto al papel de la dieta en el eje mencionado y posibles alimentos útiles en el tratamiento de tales enfermedades.
[EN] Neurological and neurodegenerative diseases are increasing and constitute a serious problem for public health since they are limiting diseases. Among these diseases we find depression, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, in which cognitive alterations are produced, marked by the increase in pro-inflammatory molecules, appearance of oxidative stress and neuronal damage. The “microbiota - gut - brain axis” participates in their development and an alteration of the intestinal microbiota can modulate brain alterations. Several factors can affect postulating the diet as one of the most important. Although more research must still be carried out to study the relationship between the microbiota, intestine and brain function, in order to deepen the mechanisms involved in this association, we will analyze the conclusions reached by previous studies regarding the role of diet in the above mentioned axis and possible foods that can be used as part of the therapeutic treatment in neurological diseases.
[EN] Neurological and neurodegenerative diseases are increasing and constitute a serious problem for public health since they are limiting diseases. Among these diseases we find depression, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, in which cognitive alterations are produced, marked by the increase in pro-inflammatory molecules, appearance of oxidative stress and neuronal damage. The “microbiota - gut - brain axis” participates in their development and an alteration of the intestinal microbiota can modulate brain alterations. Several factors can affect postulating the diet as one of the most important. Although more research must still be carried out to study the relationship between the microbiota, intestine and brain function, in order to deepen the mechanisms involved in this association, we will analyze the conclusions reached by previous studies regarding the role of diet in the above mentioned axis and possible foods that can be used as part of the therapeutic treatment in neurological diseases.