CARACTERIZACIÓN DE ÉSTERES ALQUÍLICOS EN ACEITES DE OLIVA DURANTE EL ALMACENAMIENTO EN BODEGA DE ALMAZARA
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2017-12-11
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
[ES] La formación de ésteres alquílicos se ve promovida por malas prácticas en las
etapas de operaciones prelimanares, en el proceso de elaboración de los aceites de
oliva y en las etapas posteriores (decantación, filtración y gestión de bodega). Esto
es así hasta el extremo que pueden encontrarse puntos críticos tanto en las
operaciones preliminares como en el propio proceso de elaboración y en las
operaciones finales. En la etapa de almacenamiento la concentración de ésteres
metílicos y etílicos no es estática, sino que puede aumentar significativamente en
pocos meses.
En este Trabajo Fin de Máster se ha estudiado la variación que sufren los aceites
en sus parámetros de calidad (acidez, índice de peróxidos y absorción al
ultravioleta), y en la evolución de sus componentes minoritarios como ésteres
alquílicos, ceras y compuestos fenólicos durante su almacenamiento en bodega, así
como la estabilidad oxidativa. Para realizar el estudio se tomaron muestras de tres
depósitos de aceites obtenidos a partir de frutos de diferente calidad, en un periodo
de 6 meses, con el fin de ver su evolución y las diferencias existentes.
[EN] The formation of alkyl esters is promoted by bad practices in the preliminary stages, in the production process of olives oils and in the later stages (decantation, filtration and warehouse management). This is so to the extent that critical points can be found in the preliminary operations as well as in the production process. In the step of storing the concentration of methyl and ethyl esters it is not static, and it can increase significantly in a few months. In this Master´s Final Project it has tried to study the variation suffering oils in their quality parameters (acidity, peroxide index and ultraviolet absorption), and the evolution of its minority components such as alkyl esters, waxes, phenolic compounds during storage in oil cellar, furthermore the oxidative stability. In the study samples of three deposits of oils obtained from olives of different quality they were taken over a period of 6 months in order to see its evolution and differences.
[EN] The formation of alkyl esters is promoted by bad practices in the preliminary stages, in the production process of olives oils and in the later stages (decantation, filtration and warehouse management). This is so to the extent that critical points can be found in the preliminary operations as well as in the production process. In the step of storing the concentration of methyl and ethyl esters it is not static, and it can increase significantly in a few months. In this Master´s Final Project it has tried to study the variation suffering oils in their quality parameters (acidity, peroxide index and ultraviolet absorption), and the evolution of its minority components such as alkyl esters, waxes, phenolic compounds during storage in oil cellar, furthermore the oxidative stability. In the study samples of three deposits of oils obtained from olives of different quality they were taken over a period of 6 months in order to see its evolution and differences.