Inhibidores y aflatoxinas en leche. Control oficial en la cadena alimentaria
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2024-01-10
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
Los inhibidores o antibióticos y las aflatoxinas son algunos de los contaminantes
más frecuentes en la leche, los primeros debido al uso incorrecto en las
explotaciones ganaderas, generando enfermedades en el ser humano y un
problema mundial de resistencia a antibióticos tanto en el hombre como en los
animales. Por otro lado, las aflatoxinas, sustancias carcinógenas genotóxicas,
llegan a la leche mediante los cereales y piensos empleados como alimento del
ganado, en donde son producidas por mohos del genero Aspergillus, siendo la
aflatoxina B1 y su producto metabólico en la leche la aflatoxina M1 las que
presentan mayor toxicidad para las personas.
Por tal motivo se encuentra implementado en Andalucía El Plan de Leche:
Inhibidores y Aflatoxinas, que se detalla en este trabajo, junto a los planes de
supervisión e inspección principales y la memoria de las visitas realizadas en el
Distrito Sanitario de Jaén durante las prácticas realizadas.
Inhibitors or antibiotics and aflatoxins are some of the most frequent contaminants in milk, the first ones due to incorrect use in livestock farms, generating diseases in humans and a worldwide problem of antibiotic resistance in both humans and animals. On the other hand, aflatoxins, genotoxic carcinogenic substances, get to milk through cereals and feed used as livestock feed, where they are produced by molds of the genus Aspergillus, being aflatoxin B1 and its metabolic product in milk aflatoxin M1 the ones that present greater toxicity for people. For this reason, it is implemented in Andalucía The Milk Plan: Inhibitors and Aflatoxins, which is detailed in this project, along with the main supervision and inspection plans and the reports of the visits made in the Sanitary District of Jaén during the practices.
Inhibitors or antibiotics and aflatoxins are some of the most frequent contaminants in milk, the first ones due to incorrect use in livestock farms, generating diseases in humans and a worldwide problem of antibiotic resistance in both humans and animals. On the other hand, aflatoxins, genotoxic carcinogenic substances, get to milk through cereals and feed used as livestock feed, where they are produced by molds of the genus Aspergillus, being aflatoxin B1 and its metabolic product in milk aflatoxin M1 the ones that present greater toxicity for people. For this reason, it is implemented in Andalucía The Milk Plan: Inhibitors and Aflatoxins, which is detailed in this project, along with the main supervision and inspection plans and the reports of the visits made in the Sanitary District of Jaén during the practices.