Genes asociados a susceptibilidad a SARS-CoV-2
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2021-02-16
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[ES]El síndrome respiratorio agudo severo (SRAS) es un problema mundial causado hasta el momento por tres
coronavirus diferentes pero muy cercanos. Puede manifestarse desde una enfermedad asintomática a
grave. Muchos factores interactúan para determinar la gravedad de los síntomas, incluido el perfil
genético de los pacientes. Los mecanismos que conducen a la enfermedad grave y la muerte no se han
determinado con claridad.
Se han publicado varios modelos funcionales, animales o estudios de asociación entre polimorfismos
genéticos y resultados de infección por coronavirus. La estrategia experimental generalmente utilizada
involucra estudios de casos y controles con genes candidatos, como los que se encuentran en el locus HLA
y genes para receptores, citocinas y otros mediadores inmunes. Diversos SNP en los genes ACE1, ACE2,
AHSG, CCL2, CD209, CD209L, FCGRIIA, HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-DRB1, ICAM3, IL-12RB1, MBL, OAS1, RANTES
han sido asociados con la susceptibilidad a diversos virus sin embargo los resultados son bastante
debatidos y se necesita un metanálisis para evaluar el consenso entre los estudios.
[EN]Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a major worldwide problem; three different but very close coronaviruses can cause it, and it can manifest from asymptomatic to severe disease. Many factors interact to determine the severity of the symptoms, including the genetic profile of the patients. However, the mechanisms that lead to severe disease and death have not been determined. Several functional, animal models or association studies between genetic polymorphisms and coronaviruses infection outcomes have been published. The experimental strategy usually involves case- control studies with candidate genes, such as the HLA locus and genes for receptors, cytokines, and other immune mediators. The results are quite debated, and a meta-analysis is needed to assess the consensus among the studies. SNPs in the ACE1, ACE2, AHSG, CCL2, CD209L, FCGRIIA, HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA- DRB1, ICAM3, IL-12RB1, MBL, OAS1, RANTES, genes are associated with the risk or protection of severe coronavirus infections, however, the findings have not been replicated in different populations.
[EN]Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a major worldwide problem; three different but very close coronaviruses can cause it, and it can manifest from asymptomatic to severe disease. Many factors interact to determine the severity of the symptoms, including the genetic profile of the patients. However, the mechanisms that lead to severe disease and death have not been determined. Several functional, animal models or association studies between genetic polymorphisms and coronaviruses infection outcomes have been published. The experimental strategy usually involves case- control studies with candidate genes, such as the HLA locus and genes for receptors, cytokines, and other immune mediators. The results are quite debated, and a meta-analysis is needed to assess the consensus among the studies. SNPs in the ACE1, ACE2, AHSG, CCL2, CD209L, FCGRIIA, HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA- DRB1, ICAM3, IL-12RB1, MBL, OAS1, RANTES, genes are associated with the risk or protection of severe coronavirus infections, however, the findings have not been replicated in different populations.
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GENÉTICA