ANÁLISIS DEL DESTINO CELULAR DE EXOSOMAS EN UN MODELO EXPERIMENTAL DE SÍNDROME DE QT LARGO
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2019-07-05
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
[ES]La principal causa de muerte en el mundo es la enfermedad cardiovascular. Si bien la
atención cardíaca y los avances en la investigación han aumentado la supervivencia, aún
existe la necesidad de desarrollar nuevas estrategias de prevención, intervención y
paliación, debido.
Las vesículas extracelulares como los exosomas ofrecen un potencial considerable para la
vigilancia y para el tratamiento de enfermedades cardiovasculares debido a sus capacidades
analíticas y moduladoras y son responsables de la comunicación entre estos tipos de células
en condiciones fisiológicas y patológicas y se liberan constitutivamente de varios tipos de
células cardíacas y también son un elemento esencial de la señalización intercelular
mediante el transporte de una carga molecular de células donantes a células receptoras,
modulando así la expresión génica.
En este estudio nos hemos centrado en analizar el papel de los exosomas como mediadores
de la señalización intercelular en el corazón. Se han utilizado técnicas de marcaje y
transplantes de exosomas así como de cuantificación y análisis inmunohistoquimicos en
explantes cardíacos.
Los datos obtenidos en este estudio demuestran que los exosomas normales se unen en
mayor proporción a cardiomiocitos que aquellos exosomas derivados de ratones
modificados genéticamente que presentan arritmias cardíacas, si bien se unen en igual
proporción a los fibroblastos.
Estos resultados demuestran que la información proporcionada por los exosomas a los
cardiomiocitos se ve significativamente disminuida en ratones con arritmia, pero no a los
fibroblastos. Es posible por tanto que esta falta de comunicación intercelular haga que
dichos cardiomiocitos estén funcionalmente comprometidos.
[EN]The main cause of death in the world is cardiovascular disease. While cardiac care and advances in research have increased survival, there is still a need to develop new strategies for prevention, intervention and palliation, due. Extracellular vesicles such as exosomes offer considerable potential for surveillance and for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases due to their analytical and modulatory capacities and are responsible for the communication between these cell types in physiological and pathological conditions and are constitutively released from various types of cardiac cells and are also an essential element of intercellular signaling by transporting a molecular load from donor cells to recipient cells, thus modulating gene expression. In this study we have focused on analyzing the role of exosomes as mediators of intercellular signaling in the heart. Marking and exosome transplantation techniques have been used, as well as immunohistochemical quantification and analysis in cardiac explants. The data obtained in this study show that normal exosomes bind in greater proportion to cardiomyocytes than those exosomes derived from genetically modified mice that present cardiac arrhythmias, although they are joined in equal proportion to fibroblasts. These results demonstrate that the information provided by exosomes to cardiomyocytes is significantly decreased in mice with arrhythmia, but not in fibroblasts. It is therefore possible that this lack of intercellular communication causes these cardiomyocytes to be functionally compromised.
[EN]The main cause of death in the world is cardiovascular disease. While cardiac care and advances in research have increased survival, there is still a need to develop new strategies for prevention, intervention and palliation, due. Extracellular vesicles such as exosomes offer considerable potential for surveillance and for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases due to their analytical and modulatory capacities and are responsible for the communication between these cell types in physiological and pathological conditions and are constitutively released from various types of cardiac cells and are also an essential element of intercellular signaling by transporting a molecular load from donor cells to recipient cells, thus modulating gene expression. In this study we have focused on analyzing the role of exosomes as mediators of intercellular signaling in the heart. Marking and exosome transplantation techniques have been used, as well as immunohistochemical quantification and analysis in cardiac explants. The data obtained in this study show that normal exosomes bind in greater proportion to cardiomyocytes than those exosomes derived from genetically modified mice that present cardiac arrhythmias, although they are joined in equal proportion to fibroblasts. These results demonstrate that the information provided by exosomes to cardiomyocytes is significantly decreased in mice with arrhythmia, but not in fibroblasts. It is therefore possible that this lack of intercellular communication causes these cardiomyocytes to be functionally compromised.