RESISTENCIA GENÉTICA A LA INFECCIÓN POR HIV-1.
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2019-07-02
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
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[ES]El sistema inmunitario está constituido por receptores especializados en la detección de
patógenos tales como microorganismos o agentes extraños, que reciben el nombre de
receptores que reconocen patrones (PRRs). Estos receptores son un elemento clave en el
sistema innato y se expresan en células presentadoras de antígenos, aunque también se
encuentran en otras células que pertenecen o no, al sistema inmunitario. Existen tres tipos de
PRRs; los receptores de tipo Toll (TLR), receptores de tipo NOD (NRL) y receptores de
lectinas de tipo C (CLR).
En este trabajo se llevó a cabo el estudio del polimorfismo -196 a -174 de TLR2
(rs111200466) que puede ser un factor de riesgo para la infección por HIV-1. Se han llevado
a cabo extracciones de sangre o saliva en distintos hospitales de España e Italia de donantes
sanos (n=165), individuos expuestos al HIV-1 no infectados (n=215) e individuos infectados
por vía sexual (n=224) y por vía parenteral (n=98). Las frecuencias genotípicas y alélicas se
compararon mediante el test de Pearson y de Fisher.
No existen diferencias significativas en las frecuencias genotípicas entre donantes
sanos, individuos infectados por HIV-1 e individuos expuestos no infectados (p>0,05). Por
tanto, el polimorfismo -196 a -174 de TLR2 (rs111200466) no influye en la tasa de infección.
En consecuencia, este estudio no replica los resultados previamente comunicados.
Palabras clave: PRRs, TLR, TLR2, polimorfismo, HIV-1, donantes sanos, expuestos no
infectados, Hardy-Weinberg.
[EN]The immune system is constituted by receptors specialized in the detection of pathogens such as microorganisms or foreign agents, which are called receptors that recognize patterns (PRRs). These receptors are a key element in the innate system and are expressed in antigenpresenting cells, although they are also found in other cells that belong or not, to the immune system. There are tree types of PRRs; Toll-type receptors (TLR), NOD-type receptors (NRL) and type C lectin receptors (CLR). In this work we studied the influence of the polymorphisms -196 to -174 of TLR2 (rs111200466) in the susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. Genomic ADN was extracted from blood or saliva in different hospitals from Spain and Italy, healthy blood donors (n = 165), HIV-1 exposed uninfected individuals (n = 215), sexually infected HIV-1 individuals (n = 224) and individuals infected with HIV-1 throught parenteral route (n = 98) were studied. The genotypic and allelic frequencies were compared using test Pearson and Fisher. We observed no significant differences in the genotypic frequencies between healthy donors, HIV-1 infected individuals and exposed non-infected individuals (p> 0.05). Therefore, the polymorphism -196 to -174 of TLR2 (rs111200466) does not influence the susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. Consequently, this study does not replicate previously observed results. Key words: PRRs, TLR, TLR2, polymorphism, HIV-1, healthy donors, exposed uninfected, Hardy-Weinberg.
[EN]The immune system is constituted by receptors specialized in the detection of pathogens such as microorganisms or foreign agents, which are called receptors that recognize patterns (PRRs). These receptors are a key element in the innate system and are expressed in antigenpresenting cells, although they are also found in other cells that belong or not, to the immune system. There are tree types of PRRs; Toll-type receptors (TLR), NOD-type receptors (NRL) and type C lectin receptors (CLR). In this work we studied the influence of the polymorphisms -196 to -174 of TLR2 (rs111200466) in the susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. Genomic ADN was extracted from blood or saliva in different hospitals from Spain and Italy, healthy blood donors (n = 165), HIV-1 exposed uninfected individuals (n = 215), sexually infected HIV-1 individuals (n = 224) and individuals infected with HIV-1 throught parenteral route (n = 98) were studied. The genotypic and allelic frequencies were compared using test Pearson and Fisher. We observed no significant differences in the genotypic frequencies between healthy donors, HIV-1 infected individuals and exposed non-infected individuals (p> 0.05). Therefore, the polymorphism -196 to -174 of TLR2 (rs111200466) does not influence the susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. Consequently, this study does not replicate previously observed results. Key words: PRRs, TLR, TLR2, polymorphism, HIV-1, healthy donors, exposed uninfected, Hardy-Weinberg.
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Biomedicina