Análisis de la rama miocardial del reflejo barorreceptor: efecto del ejercicio físico y el estrés mental
Fecha
2016-07-22
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
El reflejo barorreceptor actúa como mecanismo de control de la presión arterial y a corto y largo plazo, a
través de la modulación de la tasa cardíaca, la fuerza de contracción del miocardio y el tono vasomotor en
las arterias. De esta forma, previene de los cambios en la presión arterial gracias a la modulación que ejerce
sobre el sistema nervioso autónomo, tanto simpático como parasimpático. Una alteración en este reflejo
conlleva una mayor morbilidad cardiovascular así como un mal pronóstico en estas enfermedades. El
objetivo de esta investigación ha sido probar una metodología para el análisis del funcionamiento de la
rama miocardial del reflejo barorreceptor, aquella que relaciona la presión sanguínea con el volumen de
contracción del miocardio. Esta prueba se ha realizado en dos grupos de sujetos que difieren en cuanto a la
práctica regular de deporte (sedentarios activos físicamente) durante tres periodos: línea base, tarea de
estrés mental y periodo de recuperación. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren la validez del método utilizado,
al encontrar una mayor sensibilidad del reflejo a nivel miocardial en el grupo de personas activas
físicamente y una reducción de la efectividad del reflejo en el grupo de personas sedentarias durante el
periodo de estrés mental.
The baroreceptor reflex mechanism acts as controlling blood pressure and short and long term, through modulation of heart rate, strength of myocardial contraction and vasomotor tone in the arteries. Thus it prevents changes in blood pressure through modulation exerted on both sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic nervous system. An alteration in this reflex involves greater cardiovascular morbidity and poor prognosis in these diseases. The objective of this research was to test a methodology for analyzing the operation of the myocardial branch of the baroreceptor reflex, that which relates blood pressure with the volume of myocardial contraction. This test was performed on two groups of subjects differ in the regular practice of sport (sedentary versus physically active) during three periods: base line, mental stress task and recovery period. The results obtained suggest the validity of the method used, to find a greater sensitivity to myocardial reflection level in the group of physically active people and reducing the effectiveness of reflection in the sedentary group during the period of mental stress.
The baroreceptor reflex mechanism acts as controlling blood pressure and short and long term, through modulation of heart rate, strength of myocardial contraction and vasomotor tone in the arteries. Thus it prevents changes in blood pressure through modulation exerted on both sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic nervous system. An alteration in this reflex involves greater cardiovascular morbidity and poor prognosis in these diseases. The objective of this research was to test a methodology for analyzing the operation of the myocardial branch of the baroreceptor reflex, that which relates blood pressure with the volume of myocardial contraction. This test was performed on two groups of subjects differ in the regular practice of sport (sedentary versus physically active) during three periods: base line, mental stress task and recovery period. The results obtained suggest the validity of the method used, to find a greater sensitivity to myocardial reflection level in the group of physically active people and reducing the effectiveness of reflection in the sedentary group during the period of mental stress.