Implicaciones ambientales de la contaminación oceánica por pásticos: Efectos sobre las comunidades biológicas
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2017-10-31
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
[ES]En las últimas décadas, la incesante contaminación de mares y océanos con productos plásticos de origen antropogénico (que son el componente mayoritario de la llamada basura marina) se ha convertido en una grave amenaza para el medio marino. Por tanto, es indispensable conocer la magnitud de tal fenómeno, la peligrosidad de sus efectos y la extensión de sus daños a fin de elaborar unas estrategias de prevención y mitigación acertadas a la vez que unas maniobras de intervención prioritarias. En el presente trabajo se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica respecto a esta problemática medioambiental circunscrita a los últimos 10 años. La metodología y los criterios de búsqueda seleccionados han permitido recopilar 16 documentos científicos, de los que se ha recuperado y analizado su información mediante síntesis narrativa. El trabajo pone de manifiesto que existen considerables evidencias científicas del problema estudiado y sus impactos pero escasas actuaciones para ponerle remedio.
[EN]In the last decades, the incessant pollution of seas and oceans with plastic products of anthropogenic origin, has become a serious threat to the marine environment and the biological communities that inhabit it. This problem is even putting human health at risk by detecting the presence of small plastic fragments in the food web. Therefore, it is imperative to know the magnitude of this phenomenon, the danger of its effects and the extent of its damage in arder to develop successful prevention and mitigation strategies. In this project, it has been carried out a bibliographical review regarding this environmental problem circumscribed to the last 10 years. The methodology and selected search criteria have allowed the collection of 16 scientific documents, from which their information has been retrieved and analyzed through narrative synthesis. Finally, the project shows that there is considerable scientific evidence of the problem studied and its impacts .
[EN]In the last decades, the incessant pollution of seas and oceans with plastic products of anthropogenic origin, has become a serious threat to the marine environment and the biological communities that inhabit it. This problem is even putting human health at risk by detecting the presence of small plastic fragments in the food web. Therefore, it is imperative to know the magnitude of this phenomenon, the danger of its effects and the extent of its damage in arder to develop successful prevention and mitigation strategies. In this project, it has been carried out a bibliographical review regarding this environmental problem circumscribed to the last 10 years. The methodology and selected search criteria have allowed the collection of 16 scientific documents, from which their information has been retrieved and analyzed through narrative synthesis. Finally, the project shows that there is considerable scientific evidence of the problem studied and its impacts .