Estudio de las familias Agelenidae, Philodromidae y Sparasside (Aracnida) presentes en el sureste de la península ibérica
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2024-09-05
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[ES] Este trabajo de fin de grado tiene como objetivo identificar y describir las características morfológicas y de comportamiento de las familias de arañas Agelenidae, Philodromidae y Sparassidae presentes en el sureste de Andalucía. Se analizan sus hábitos, estrategias de alimentación, preferencias climáticas y métodos de reproducción, así como las condiciones de flora y fauna que favorecen su presencia y distribución en la región. La familia Agelenidae se caracteriza por construir telarañas en forma de embudo para capturar a sus presas. Son frecuentes en una amplia variedad de hábitats, desde bosques húmedos hasta zonas secas y áridas. La familia Philodromidae, conocidas como arañas cazadoras, no construyen telarañas, sino que utilizan su velocidad y agilidad para cazar activamente, siendo comunes en vegetación baja y arbustos. Por último, las arañas de la familia Sparassidae, o arañas cangrejo gigantes, son de gran tamaño y suelen ser nocturnas, presentando interesantes adaptaciones ecológicas. Se realiza un análisis detallado de las características morfológicas, hábitos de alimentación, preferencias climáticas y estrategias reproductivas de especies representativas de cada una de estas familias, como Agelena labyrinthica, Tegenaria domestica, Malthonica ferruginea, entre otras. Además, se estudia la distribución y los hábitats preferidos por estas arañas en el sureste de Andalucía, que incluyen bosques, praderas, jardines y zonas urbanas. Este trabajo contribuye a ampliar el conocimiento sobre la diversidad y ecología de las arañas en el sureste de Andalucía, lo cual es fundamental para promover la sensibilización y educación sobre la importancia de estos artrópodos en los ecosistemas de la región.
[EN] This bachelor's thesis aims to identify and describe the morphological and behavioral characteristics of spider families Agelenidae, Philodromidae, and Sparassidae found in southeast Andalusia. It examines their habits, feeding strategies, climatic preferences, reproduction methods, as well as the flora and fauna conditions that favor their presence and distribution in the region. The Agelenidae family is characterized by building funnel-shaped webs to capture prey. They are common in a wide range of habitats, from humid forests to dry and arid areas. The Philodromidae family, known as hunting spiders, do not build webs but use their speed and agility to actively hunt, often found in low vegetation and bushes. Lastly, spiders of the Sparassidae family, or giant crab spiders, are large and typically nocturnal, exhibiting interesting ecological adaptations. The thesis provides a detailed analysis of the morphological characteristics, feeding habits, climatic preferences, and reproductive strategies of representative species from each of these families, such as Agelena labyrinthica, Tegenaria domestica, and Malthonica ferruginea, among others. Additionally, it studies the distribution and preferred habitats of these spiders in southeast Andalusia, including forests, meadows, gardens, and urban areas. This work contributes to expanding knowledge about spider diversity and ecology in southeast Andalusia, which is crucial for promoting awareness and education about the importance of these arthropods in the region's ecosystems.
[EN] This bachelor's thesis aims to identify and describe the morphological and behavioral characteristics of spider families Agelenidae, Philodromidae, and Sparassidae found in southeast Andalusia. It examines their habits, feeding strategies, climatic preferences, reproduction methods, as well as the flora and fauna conditions that favor their presence and distribution in the region. The Agelenidae family is characterized by building funnel-shaped webs to capture prey. They are common in a wide range of habitats, from humid forests to dry and arid areas. The Philodromidae family, known as hunting spiders, do not build webs but use their speed and agility to actively hunt, often found in low vegetation and bushes. Lastly, spiders of the Sparassidae family, or giant crab spiders, are large and typically nocturnal, exhibiting interesting ecological adaptations. The thesis provides a detailed analysis of the morphological characteristics, feeding habits, climatic preferences, and reproductive strategies of representative species from each of these families, such as Agelena labyrinthica, Tegenaria domestica, and Malthonica ferruginea, among others. Additionally, it studies the distribution and preferred habitats of these spiders in southeast Andalusia, including forests, meadows, gardens, and urban areas. This work contributes to expanding knowledge about spider diversity and ecology in southeast Andalusia, which is crucial for promoting awareness and education about the importance of these arthropods in the region's ecosystems.