DETERMINACIÓN DE CONTAMINANTES EMERGENTES EN AGUAS SUPERFICIALES
Fecha
2023-06-29
Autores
García-Zamora, Irene
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Editor
Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
[ES] Los contaminantes emergentes son sustancias químicas o materiales que pueden afectar al medio
ambiente, a la salud humana y los seres acuáticos. Lo microplásticos son un tipo de contaminante
emergente y se han convertido en un gran problema a nivel mundial. Gran parte de los microplásticos
proviene de la industria, la agricultura, la pesca y el consumo de productos plásticos. Durante las últimas
décadas se han realizado numerosos estudios para su identificación y análisis. El muestreo de los mismos
se suele llevar a cabo con redes de arrastre. Después, se someten a técnicas de tratamiento para aislarlos e
eliminar impurezas del resto de la matriz. Por último, se identifican con determinadas técnicas de análisis.
Las técnicas más comunes son la clasificación visual, la espectroscopia infrarroja por transformada de
Fourier, la espectroscopia RAMAN y la pirólisis acoplada a cromatografía de gases y espectrometría de
masas.
[EN] Emerging contaminants are chemicals or materials that can affect the environment, human health, and aquatic life. Microplastics are a type of emerging contaminant and they have become a serious problem worldwide. Much of the microplastics comes from industry, agriculture, fishing and the consumption of plastic products. During the last decades, numerous studies have been carried out for its identification and analysis. The sampling of the microplastics is usually carried out with trawl nets. After, they are subjected to pretreatment and treatment techniques to isolate them and remove impurities from the rest of the matrix. Finally, they are identified with certain analysis techniques. The most common techniques are visual classification, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, RAMAN spectroscopy, and pyrolysis coupled to gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry.
[EN] Emerging contaminants are chemicals or materials that can affect the environment, human health, and aquatic life. Microplastics are a type of emerging contaminant and they have become a serious problem worldwide. Much of the microplastics comes from industry, agriculture, fishing and the consumption of plastic products. During the last decades, numerous studies have been carried out for its identification and analysis. The sampling of the microplastics is usually carried out with trawl nets. After, they are subjected to pretreatment and treatment techniques to isolate them and remove impurities from the rest of the matrix. Finally, they are identified with certain analysis techniques. The most common techniques are visual classification, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, RAMAN spectroscopy, and pyrolysis coupled to gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry.