Lipasas: características, producción y aplicaciones
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Fecha
2024-09-10
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Águila Liébana, Sonia
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[ES] Las lipasas son enzimas esenciales en la hidrólisis de lípidos, cruciales en procesos biológicos e industriales. Este Trabajo de Fin de Grado (TFG) revisa exhaustivamente sus características, estructura, funciones, diversidad de tipos y fuentes de obtención. Se analizan los métodos de obtención y purificación, destacando su importancia en sectores como alimentación, farmacéutica y biotecnología, y su impacto en la economía global. Además, se examina el mecanismo de acción y la activación interfacial de las lipasas, proporcionando una comprensión profunda de su funcionamiento molecular. También se profundiza en la especificidad de estas enzimas, revelando sus preferencias por sustratos específicos y su capacidad catalítica en diversas reacciones. En resumen, esta revisión ofrece una visión integral de las lipasas, desde su estructura molecular hasta sus aplicaciones, subrayando su importancia en la biotecnología moderna y su prometedor futuro en varios campos científicos e industriales.
[EN] Lipases are essential enzymes in lipid hydrolysis, crucial in biological and industrial processes. This Bachelor's Thesis (TFG) comprehensively reviews their characteristics, structure, functions, and the diversity of types and sources. It analyzes methods of extraction and purification, highlighting their importance in sectors such as food, pharmaceuticals, and biotechnology, and their impact on the global economy. Additionally, it examines the mechanism of action and interfacial activation of lipases, providing a deep understanding of their molecular functioning. The specificity of these enzymes is also explored, revealing their preferences for specific substrates and their catalytic capacity in various reactions. In summary, this review offers a comprehensive overview of lipases, from their molecular structure to their applications, emphasizing their importance in modern biotechnology and their promising future in various scientific and industrial fields.
[EN] Lipases are essential enzymes in lipid hydrolysis, crucial in biological and industrial processes. This Bachelor's Thesis (TFG) comprehensively reviews their characteristics, structure, functions, and the diversity of types and sources. It analyzes methods of extraction and purification, highlighting their importance in sectors such as food, pharmaceuticals, and biotechnology, and their impact on the global economy. Additionally, it examines the mechanism of action and interfacial activation of lipases, providing a deep understanding of their molecular functioning. The specificity of these enzymes is also explored, revealing their preferences for specific substrates and their catalytic capacity in various reactions. In summary, this review offers a comprehensive overview of lipases, from their molecular structure to their applications, emphasizing their importance in modern biotechnology and their promising future in various scientific and industrial fields.
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