Estudio de las especies del género Eimeria parásitas de lagomorfos
Archivos
Fecha
2020-10-08
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Resumen
[ES] La cada vez mayor preocupación por el estado de conservación de nuestros lagomorfos, pone en el punto de mira un mejor conocimiento de las enfermedades que les afectan, siendo la coccidiosis producida por el género Eimeria la más extendida y para algunas especies, desconocida enfermedad que les parasita. Este trabajo, trata de hacer un repaso por todos los aspectos relevantes de este parásito apicomplejo y sus hospedadores del Orden Lagomorpha, haciendo especial hincapié en las especies de nuestra península. Parte de su historia, taxonomía, diversidad, ciclo de vida, así como todos aquellos aspectos relacionados con las especies de lagomorfos que conviven junto al coccidio. Además ponemos en marcha un estudio para conocer la situación de la enfermedad en algunos puntos de la provincia de Jaén, mediante el recuento y caracterización de los ooquistes de Eimeria en conejo (Oryctolagus cuniculus). En los resultados obtenidos podemos destacar que todas las muestras dieron positivo por coccidios, con prevalencias para algunas especies como Eimeria media o Eimeria perforans del 100%. Ponemos de manifiesto que variables como las condiciones ambientales o la edad de los individuos juegan un papel fundamental en el ciclo de vida del parásito. De forma que aquellos meses donde las condiciones de temperatura y humedad son favorables se observa un incremento en el número de ooquistes, siendo el mes de Diciembre, salvo excepciones, el mes con mayores cargas parasitarias. Además el número de ooquistes alcanza los mayores valores en individuos juveniles, siendo estos más propensos a ser infectados por Eimeria.
[EN] The increasing concern for the state of conservation of our lagomorphs, puts in the spotlight a better knowledge of the diseases that them, being the coccidiosis produced by the genus Eimeria the most widespread and for some species, an unknown disease that parasitizes them. This work tries to review all the relevant aspects of this apicomplex parasite and its hosts of the Order Lagomorpha, with special emphasis on the species of our peninsula. Part of its history, taxonomy, diversity, life cycle, as well as all those aspects related to the lagomorph species that live together with the coccidium. We are also launching a study to find out the situation of the disease in some parts of the province of Jaén, by counting and characterizing Eimeria oocysts in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). In the results obtained we can highlight that all samples were positive for coccidia, with prevalences for some species such as Eimeria media or Eimeria perforans of 100%. We show that variables such as environmental conditions or the age of individuals play a fundamental role in the life cycle of the parasite. Thus, those months where the temperature and humidity conditions are favorable, an increase in the number of oocysts is observed, with the month of December, with few exceptions, being the month with the highest parasite loads. Furthermore, the number of oocysts reaches the highest values in juvenile individuals, these being more likely to be infected by Eimeria.
[EN] The increasing concern for the state of conservation of our lagomorphs, puts in the spotlight a better knowledge of the diseases that them, being the coccidiosis produced by the genus Eimeria the most widespread and for some species, an unknown disease that parasitizes them. This work tries to review all the relevant aspects of this apicomplex parasite and its hosts of the Order Lagomorpha, with special emphasis on the species of our peninsula. Part of its history, taxonomy, diversity, life cycle, as well as all those aspects related to the lagomorph species that live together with the coccidium. We are also launching a study to find out the situation of the disease in some parts of the province of Jaén, by counting and characterizing Eimeria oocysts in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). In the results obtained we can highlight that all samples were positive for coccidia, with prevalences for some species such as Eimeria media or Eimeria perforans of 100%. We show that variables such as environmental conditions or the age of individuals play a fundamental role in the life cycle of the parasite. Thus, those months where the temperature and humidity conditions are favorable, an increase in the number of oocysts is observed, with the month of December, with few exceptions, being the month with the highest parasite loads. Furthermore, the number of oocysts reaches the highest values in juvenile individuals, these being more likely to be infected by Eimeria.