Estudio aerobiológico de las esporas fúngicas en interiores, influencia sobre la salud y procesos de biodeterioro
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2016-07-12
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
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[ES]Se ha realizado un estudio de la aeromicota en un ambiente de interior, en la Biblioteca Capitular de la Catedral de la Asunción de Jaén (España), durante tres meses del período invernal de 2015-2016, usando un método volumétrico, lo cual ha permitido hallar las concentraciones totales diarias y su evolución en el tiempo de los 7544 propágulos fúngicos encontrados, pudiendo identificar y caracterizar los tres morfotipos más abundantes: la especie Cladosporium cladosporioides (Ascomycota) (51´5%), el género Aspergillus (5´7%) y el orden Uredinales (Basidiomycota) (6´2%), de los cuales las dos primeras, además de ser hongos descomponedores de una amplia variedad de sustratos, pueden resultar perjudiciales para la salud humana, provocando alergias en cantidades superiores a 3.000 esporas/m3, y la tercera resulta ser un fitopatógeno muy extendido. De los tres se ha realizado un test de correlación no-paramétrico para establecer si la concentración de esporas en el aire está relacionada con parámetros de temperatura y humedad a lo largo de los tres meses estudiados. Además, se estudia de forma individual el comportamiento de las tres esporas mayoritarias, para poder establecer la variación intradiaria que ha revelado una mayor tasa de esporas en el ambiente, coincidiendo ésta con la máxima actividad llevada a cabo en la Biblioteca Capitular y con las máximas temperaturas a lo largo del día.
[EN]It is made a study of aeromycology in an inside environment, at The Chapter Hall Library of the Cathedral of Asuncion in Jaén (Spain), for three months of the wintry period of 2015-2016, using a viable volumetric method, which allows for finding the ultimate concentrations of propagulos fungicos, being able to identify and characterize three more plentiful types of morfotypes: Cladosporium cladosporioides specie (Ascomycota), Aspergillus genus (Anamorph de Asycomycota y Basidiomycota) and Uredinales order (Basidiomycota), of which the two firsts can turn out harmful for the human health in superior quantities to 3.000 spores/m3, and the third one could be an extended phytosanitary problem. From the three, a test of correlation is made to establish a level of significance that has the relative temperature and humidity about maximum 5 concentrations over three months which the study was made. Moreover, it is studied the behavior of the three main spores in a own way, and can establish in time zone of highest concentration, and this is coinciding with the highest activity carried out at the Chapter Hall Library and with highest temperatures over day.
[EN]It is made a study of aeromycology in an inside environment, at The Chapter Hall Library of the Cathedral of Asuncion in Jaén (Spain), for three months of the wintry period of 2015-2016, using a viable volumetric method, which allows for finding the ultimate concentrations of propagulos fungicos, being able to identify and characterize three more plentiful types of morfotypes: Cladosporium cladosporioides specie (Ascomycota), Aspergillus genus (Anamorph de Asycomycota y Basidiomycota) and Uredinales order (Basidiomycota), of which the two firsts can turn out harmful for the human health in superior quantities to 3.000 spores/m3, and the third one could be an extended phytosanitary problem. From the three, a test of correlation is made to establish a level of significance that has the relative temperature and humidity about maximum 5 concentrations over three months which the study was made. Moreover, it is studied the behavior of the three main spores in a own way, and can establish in time zone of highest concentration, and this is coinciding with the highest activity carried out at the Chapter Hall Library and with highest temperatures over day.