Determinación de citrinina en cereales
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2024-09-10
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[ES] Las micotoxinas son metabolitos secundarios tóxicos producidos por varias especies de hongos (mohos). Son moléculas de pequeño tamaño que se producen de manera natural e inevitable, por lo que es necesario regular su consumo e identificar diferentes técnicas de análisis para evitar o reducir su toxicidad, ya que causan un efecto negativo sobre la salud pública. Además, se deben cumplir los límites máximos establecidos por la legislación correspondiente, en este caso la Unión Europea. Estas toxinas contaminan los alimentos originando distintas enfermedades sobre la humanidad.
Este Trabajo de Fin de Grado se centra en una micotoxina específica, denominada citrinina. Ésta tiene efectos nefróticos y mutagénicos. Se encuentra principalmente en cereales y sus derivados, frutas, quesos y café. Este trabajo se centra en recopilar y estudiar los diferentes métodos de análisis para detección y cuantificación de citrinina en cereales, como pueden ser, arroz, arroz fermentado (rojo), maíz o cebada.
[EN] Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by various species of fungi (molds). They are small molecules that occur naturally and inevitable, so it is necessary to regulate their consumption and identify different analysis techniques to avoid or reduce their toxicity, since they cause a negative effect on public health. In addition, the maximum limits established by the corresponding legislation, in this case the European Union, must be complied with. These toxins contaminate foodstuffs, causing different diseases in mankind. This Final Degree Project focuses on a specific mycotoxin, called citrinin. Citrinin has nephrotic and mutagenic effects, hence the importance of this study. Citrinin is found mainly in cereals and their derivatives, fruits, cheeses and coffee. This work focuses on collecting and studing the different methods of analysisfor detection and quantification of citrinin in cereals,such asrice, red fermented rice, corn or barley.
[EN] Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by various species of fungi (molds). They are small molecules that occur naturally and inevitable, so it is necessary to regulate their consumption and identify different analysis techniques to avoid or reduce their toxicity, since they cause a negative effect on public health. In addition, the maximum limits established by the corresponding legislation, in this case the European Union, must be complied with. These toxins contaminate foodstuffs, causing different diseases in mankind. This Final Degree Project focuses on a specific mycotoxin, called citrinin. Citrinin has nephrotic and mutagenic effects, hence the importance of this study. Citrinin is found mainly in cereals and their derivatives, fruits, cheeses and coffee. This work focuses on collecting and studing the different methods of analysisfor detection and quantification of citrinin in cereals,such asrice, red fermented rice, corn or barley.