LA APLICACIÓN DE REGULADORES DEL CRECIMIENTO VEGETAL SON CLAVES PARA AUMENTAR LA PRODUCTIVIDAD AGRÍCOLA
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2022-07-12
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
[ES] Los reguladores de crecimiento vegetal son aquellos compuestos naturales de las plantas, capaces de modular todos los estados de crecimiento y desarrollo como son la germinación, crecimiento vegetativo, floración, fructificación y senescencia, además de ser capaces de proteger a la planta frente al estrés ambiental y por tanto aumentar la productividad agrícola. En esta revisión bibliográfica se ha hecho una selección de artículos científicos en que varios reguladores del crecimiento vegetal como auxinas, citoquininas, giberelinas, ácido abscísico, brasinoesteroides, ácido salicílico, poliaminas y etileno se han utilizado para aumentar la producción de cultivos agrícolas de interés comercial (trigo, arroz, maíz, judía, tomate, etc.) sometidos a diferentes estreses (sequía, salinidad, temperaturas extremas) mediante la aplicación de técnicas como el “spray foliar” o el “seed priming” demostrando que mejoran el crecimiento, la actividad fotosintética, actividad antioxidante, productividad y la tolerancia a diferentes estreses abióticos, mejorando, en definitiva, la calidad y la producción agrícola
[EN] Plant growth regulators are those natural compounds of plants, capable of modulating all stages of growth and development such as germination, vegetative growth, flowering, fruiting and senescence, as well as being able to protect the plant against environmental stress, and thus increase agricultural productivity. In this bibliographic review, a selection of scientific articles has been made in which various plant growth regulators such as auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, abscisic acid, brassinosteroids, salicylic acid, polyamines and ethylene have been used to increase the production of agricultural crops of commercial interest. (wheat, rice, corn, beans, tomato, etc.) subjected to different stresses (drought, salinity, extreme temperatures) through the application of techniques such as "foliar spray" or "seed priming" demonstrating that they improve growth, photosynthetic activity, antioxidant activity, productivity and tolerance to different abiotic stresses, ultimately improving agricultural quality and production
[EN] Plant growth regulators are those natural compounds of plants, capable of modulating all stages of growth and development such as germination, vegetative growth, flowering, fruiting and senescence, as well as being able to protect the plant against environmental stress, and thus increase agricultural productivity. In this bibliographic review, a selection of scientific articles has been made in which various plant growth regulators such as auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, abscisic acid, brassinosteroids, salicylic acid, polyamines and ethylene have been used to increase the production of agricultural crops of commercial interest. (wheat, rice, corn, beans, tomato, etc.) subjected to different stresses (drought, salinity, extreme temperatures) through the application of techniques such as "foliar spray" or "seed priming" demonstrating that they improve growth, photosynthetic activity, antioxidant activity, productivity and tolerance to different abiotic stresses, ultimately improving agricultural quality and production