OPTIMISMO Y APOYO SOCIAL FRENTE AL CÁNCER DE MAMA
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2017-06-27
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
El optimismo y el apoyo social se han asociado como dos herramientas psicológicas eficaces en la lucha contra el cáncer de mama, el cual es el carcinoma que con mayor frecuencia es diagnosticado entre las mujeres españolas. El objetivo del presente trabajo es la revisión de los principales mecanismos explicativos, a partir de los cuales, el optimismo y el apoyo social ejercen su influencia en las distintas fases de la enfermedad. De este modo, el optimismo se ha relacionado a emociones positivas, hábitos saludables, estrategias de afrontamiento activas, flexibilidad cognitiva y sistema inmunológico como los medios a través de los cuales actúa. Por su parte, el apoyo social se ha vinculado al estrés, grupos de ayuda mutua, sistema inmune y conductas de autocuidado. En general, ambos conceptos influyen en una mejor calidad de vida, en el crecimiento postraumático, adaptación a la enfermedad y bienestar psicológico.
Optimism and social support have been associated as two effective psychological tools in the fight against breast cancer, which is the most frequently diagnosed carcinoma among Spanish women. The objective of the present work is the revision of the main explanatory mechanisms, from which, optimism and social support exert their influence in the different phases of the disease. In this way, optimism has been linked to positive emotions, healthy habits, active coping strategies, cognitive flexibility and the immune system as the means through which it acts. On the other hand, social support has been linked to stress, mutual aid groups, immune system and self-care behaviors. In general, both concepts influence a better quality of life, post-traumatic growth, adaptation to illness and psychological well-being.
Optimism and social support have been associated as two effective psychological tools in the fight against breast cancer, which is the most frequently diagnosed carcinoma among Spanish women. The objective of the present work is the revision of the main explanatory mechanisms, from which, optimism and social support exert their influence in the different phases of the disease. In this way, optimism has been linked to positive emotions, healthy habits, active coping strategies, cognitive flexibility and the immune system as the means through which it acts. On the other hand, social support has been linked to stress, mutual aid groups, immune system and self-care behaviors. In general, both concepts influence a better quality of life, post-traumatic growth, adaptation to illness and psychological well-being.