Teorema de Pitágoras en 2o de ESO.
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2020-12-15
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[ES]En este trabajo se aborda el Teorema de Pitágoras para su enseñanza a estudiantes de 2º de ESO. Se presenta la demostración matemática del teorema usando semejanza de triángulos. La bibliografía ha revelado que los enfoques tradicionales para el aprendizaje tratan el teorema como una fórmula algebraica, descuidando la comprensión del concepto como una red integrada de ideas, que van desde el punto de vista histórico, la manipulación geométrica, aplicaciones en diferentes campos, hasta la discusión entre estudiantes. Esta problemática puede estar relacionada con cómo ven los profesores este teorema. Teniendo en cuenta el currículo oficial de educación, se presenta una unidad didáctica que intenta lidiar con todos estos aspectos, utilizando el software matemático GeoGebra y las regletas de Cuisenaire para interactuar, manipular, explorar y aprender este concepto matemático, así como mediante el uso de vídeos y practicando aplicaciones del teorema en diversos contextos.
[EN]In this work, the topic “the Pythagorean theorem” is reviewed to improve its teaching for 2nd ESO studients. The mathematical proof of the theorem is presented and derived using similar triangles. An exploration of the literature revealed that the traditional learning approaches treat the theorem as an algebraic formula, lacking in the comprehension of the concept as an integrated network of ideas, covering the historical point of view, geometric manipulation, applications in different fields, even the discussion between students. This problem can be caused by the teachers beliefs about the Pythagorean theorem. Taking into account the official education curriculum, the presented didactic unit tries to deal with all of these aspects, using the dynamic mathematics software GeoGebra and the Cuisenaire rods to interact in a hands-on way, explore and learn this mathematical concept, as well as showing videos and practising applications of the theorem in different contexts.
[EN]In this work, the topic “the Pythagorean theorem” is reviewed to improve its teaching for 2nd ESO studients. The mathematical proof of the theorem is presented and derived using similar triangles. An exploration of the literature revealed that the traditional learning approaches treat the theorem as an algebraic formula, lacking in the comprehension of the concept as an integrated network of ideas, covering the historical point of view, geometric manipulation, applications in different fields, even the discussion between students. This problem can be caused by the teachers beliefs about the Pythagorean theorem. Taking into account the official education curriculum, the presented didactic unit tries to deal with all of these aspects, using the dynamic mathematics software GeoGebra and the Cuisenaire rods to interact in a hands-on way, explore and learn this mathematical concept, as well as showing videos and practising applications of the theorem in different contexts.
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Matemáticas