Células madre y su papel en la regeneración muscular
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2024-09-06
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[ES] El músculo es un tejido con gran complejidad, regulado por una intrincada maquinaria biológica. Las fibras musculares, sus unidades funcionales, pueden ser destruidas o dañadas tras ciertos estímulos, desencadenando un sofisticado proceso, la regeneración muscular. En este contexto, las células satélite, que se sitúan en la periferia de las fibras musculares. han sido un importante foco de estudio de la biología desde que se descubrieron en 1961 por Alexander Mauro. Estas células tienen la capacidad de actuar como células madre, proliferando activamente para finalmente diferenciarse y formar nuevas fibras o fusionarse con las que han sido dañadas. En este trabajo se detallarán los aspectos principales de las células satélite: su origen, características, la regulación de su ciclo celular por diversos factores y células que componen su nicho, las alteraciones que causa en ellas el envejecimiento y su aplicación en el ámbito de las terapias regenerativas.
[EN] The muscle is a tissue of great complexity, regulated by an intricate biological machinery. Muscle fibers, its functional units, can be destroyed or damaged upon certain stimuli, triggering a sophisticated process, muscle regeneration. In this context, satellite cells, located on the periphery of muscle fibers, have been a significant focus of study in biology since they were discovered in 1961 by Alexander Mauro. These cells have the ability of developing as stem cells, proliferating actively to eventually differentiate and form new fibers or fuse with those that have been damaged. In this work, It will be detailed the main aspects of satellite cells: their origin, characteristics, the regulation of their cell cycle by diverse factors and cells that compose their niche, the alterations caused in them by aging, and their application in the field of regenerative therapies.
[EN] The muscle is a tissue of great complexity, regulated by an intricate biological machinery. Muscle fibers, its functional units, can be destroyed or damaged upon certain stimuli, triggering a sophisticated process, muscle regeneration. In this context, satellite cells, located on the periphery of muscle fibers, have been a significant focus of study in biology since they were discovered in 1961 by Alexander Mauro. These cells have the ability of developing as stem cells, proliferating actively to eventually differentiate and form new fibers or fuse with those that have been damaged. In this work, It will be detailed the main aspects of satellite cells: their origin, characteristics, the regulation of their cell cycle by diverse factors and cells that compose their niche, the alterations caused in them by aging, and their application in the field of regenerative therapies.