Evaluación toxicológica de un fungicida (Fosfito de Sodio) en organismos Planctónicos
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2016-07-07
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
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[ES]La agricultura aun siendo una actividad indispensable para el bienestar humano,
produce efectos negativos en los ecosistemas, debido, entre otras causa, a que en
los procedimientos agrícolas se hace uso de agentes químicos, con el fin de
aumentar la producción. Es el caso del fungicida fosfito de sodio, con el cual se ha
realizado un estudio ecotoxicológico de los efectos de este producto en
supervivencia, reproducción y tamaño, sobre la especie perteneciente al grupo de
los cladóceros: Daphnia magna. Este estudio ha constado de dos ensayos de
toxicidad crónica de 21 días con tres concentraciones subletales diferentes, uno
de ellos con un medio de condiciones subóptimas y el otro de condiciones
óptimas. Habiéndose obtenido en los resultados una baja tasa de reproducción y
de crecimiento en el ensayo con condiciones subóptimas y una tasa de
reproducción y de crecimiento estimada dentro de los valores normales en el
ensayo de con condiciones óptimas, mostrando diferencias significativas entre
ambos ensayos y viéndose influenciados estos resultados por las condiciones
nutritivas y energéticas proporcionadas por medio de cultivo.
[EN]Agriculture although is an essential activity for human welfare, has adverse effects on ecosystems, due to some agricultural procedures such as agrochemicals, that are used to increase production. Sodium phosphite (fungicide) was used to conduct a study of the ecotoxicological effects of this product on survival, reproduction and size on Daphnia magna, a species belonging to the cladocerans group. This study consisted of two chronic toxicity tests lasting 21 days, one with suboptimal conditions and the other with optimal conditions, both with three different sublethal concentrations, In the test with suboptimal conditions the obtained results were low rates of reproduction and growth. While in the one with optimal conditions, reproduction rate and estimated growth were within the normal values. The tests were significant differences between them, and these results confirmed that were influenced by the state of the nutritional and energy conditions.
[EN]Agriculture although is an essential activity for human welfare, has adverse effects on ecosystems, due to some agricultural procedures such as agrochemicals, that are used to increase production. Sodium phosphite (fungicide) was used to conduct a study of the ecotoxicological effects of this product on survival, reproduction and size on Daphnia magna, a species belonging to the cladocerans group. This study consisted of two chronic toxicity tests lasting 21 days, one with suboptimal conditions and the other with optimal conditions, both with three different sublethal concentrations, In the test with suboptimal conditions the obtained results were low rates of reproduction and growth. While in the one with optimal conditions, reproduction rate and estimated growth were within the normal values. The tests were significant differences between them, and these results confirmed that were influenced by the state of the nutritional and energy conditions.