DIVERSIDAD DE NEMATODOS DE VIDA LIBRE EN LA VERTIENTE NORTE DE LA SIERRA DE JABALCUZ (JAÉN)
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2019-10-14
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
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[ES]El presente trabajo fin de Máster estudia la diversidad y taxonomía de los nematodos
edáficos de vida libre presentes en dos zonas (Senda de los Lobos y Vereda de los Pinchos)
de la cara norte de la sierra de Jabalcuz de Jaén, para poder comparar la variación de
especies, en estas áreas que se encuentran a diferentes alturas. De esta forma, se
proponen como objetivos determinar la diversidad de nematodos asociados al suelo,
estudiar la morfología y abundancia de los mismos, identificar al grupo trófico predominante
en estas zonas y conocer la calidad del hábitat. Tras el estudio de estas dos áreas se han
examinado 1555 ejemplares pertenecientes a 44 especies, correspondiendo principalmente
a los órdenes Dorylaimida y Rhabditida y también en menor medida a los órdenes
Mononchida, Plectida, Triplonchida y Monhysterida. De las 21 familias obtenidas, la que más
representantes ha tenido en el presente trabajo es la familia Plectidae, con ocho especies
diferentes. Por otro lado, el grupo trófico más numeroso ha sido el de los omnívoros
(correspondiendo un 44,76% de todos los nematodos estudiados), gracias a la inmensa
aparición de individuos de la familia Aporcelaimidae, los cuales son buenos indicadores de la
calidad que presenta el hábitat. La familia Aporcelaimidae, correspondiente al orden
Dorylaimida ha representado a una tercera parte de los nematodos estudiados.
Palabras clave: Taxonomía, especies, hábitat, Dorylaimida, Aporcelaimidae
[EN]The present Master’s thesis studies the diversity and taxonomy of the free-living soil nematodes present in two areas (Senda de los Lobos and Vereda de los Pinchos) on the north face of the mountain of Jabalcuz in Jaén, in order to compare the variation of species, in these areas that are at different heights. In this way, the objectives are to determine the diversity of nematodes associated with the soil, study their morphology and abundance, identify the predominant feeding type in these areas and know the quality of the habitat. After the study of these two areas, a total of 1555 nematodes of 44 species have been identified, belonging mainly to the Dorylaimida and Rhabditida orders and also to a lesser extent to the Mononchida, Plectida, Triplonchida and Monhysterida orders. In the 21 families obtained, the one that has had the most representatives in this work is the Plectidae family, with eight different species. On the other hand, the most numerous feeding type has been the omnivores (corresponding to 44.76% of all the nematodes studied), thanks to the immense appearance of individuals of the Aporcelaimidae family, which are good indicators of the quality that the present habitat contains. The Aporcelaimidae family, corresponding to the order Dorylaimida has represented a third of the nematodes studied. Keywords: Taxonomy, species, habitat, Dorylaimida, Aporcelaimidae.
[EN]The present Master’s thesis studies the diversity and taxonomy of the free-living soil nematodes present in two areas (Senda de los Lobos and Vereda de los Pinchos) on the north face of the mountain of Jabalcuz in Jaén, in order to compare the variation of species, in these areas that are at different heights. In this way, the objectives are to determine the diversity of nematodes associated with the soil, study their morphology and abundance, identify the predominant feeding type in these areas and know the quality of the habitat. After the study of these two areas, a total of 1555 nematodes of 44 species have been identified, belonging mainly to the Dorylaimida and Rhabditida orders and also to a lesser extent to the Mononchida, Plectida, Triplonchida and Monhysterida orders. In the 21 families obtained, the one that has had the most representatives in this work is the Plectidae family, with eight different species. On the other hand, the most numerous feeding type has been the omnivores (corresponding to 44.76% of all the nematodes studied), thanks to the immense appearance of individuals of the Aporcelaimidae family, which are good indicators of the quality that the present habitat contains. The Aporcelaimidae family, corresponding to the order Dorylaimida has represented a third of the nematodes studied. Keywords: Taxonomy, species, habitat, Dorylaimida, Aporcelaimidae.