Obtención de un banco de germoplasma de acebuches (Olea europea subsp europea var sylvestris) mediante métodologías de cultivo in vitro e in vivo
Archivos
NO SE HA AUTORIZADO la consulta de los documentos asociados
Fecha
2023-07-05
Autores
Martinez-Ortiz, Alba
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
[ES] El acebuche (Olea europapea spp europaea var sylvestris) es un arbusto adaptado al clima
mediterráneo y a inviernos no muy fríos. Dada su su variabilidad genética este trabajo
tiene como objetivo la obtención de un banco de germoplasma en la Universidad de Jaén
obtenido a partir de poblaciones de acebuchales silvestres que no comparten haplotipos
de olivos cultivados y que por su ubicación, tienen un genoma no entremezclado con
genes propios del olivo cultivado. Estos acebuchales se encuentran aislados
históricamente, y por lo tanto no ha habido cruces genéticos entre la var sylvestris y la var
europea. Se ha recolectado una colección de 164 muestras de diferentes localidades
constituidas por frutos recolectados en la estación de invierno de los años 2021 a 2023.
Estas muestras se registraron y etiquetaron. Para la obtención de las muestras a partir del
embrión se prepara el endocarpo extraído del hueso de la aceituna bajo condiciones
estériles, realizando diferentes lavados con lejía al 10% y Phyton al 0.2% y se extrae en
condiciones de esterilidad. Se han utilizado diferentes medios de crecimiento, Según los
resultados obtenidos el medio MS/2 resultó ser el medio más idóneo para el cultivo in vitro
de acebuche. Respecto al cultivo in vivo el porcentaje de éxito en la germinación no ha
sido tan exitoso. El resultado ha sido la obtención de una colección de acebuches que
crecen actualmente en el invernadero de la Universidad de Jaén.
[EN] The wild olive (Olea europaea spp europaea var sylvestris) is a shrub adapted to the Mediterranean climate and not very cold winters. Given its genetic variability, the aim of this work is to obtain a germplasm bank at the University of Jaén obtained from wild olive tree populations that do not share haplotypes of cultivated olive trees and that, due to their location, have a genome that is not intermixed with genes from cultivated olive trees. These wild olive trees are historically isolated; therefore, there have been no genetic crosses between var sylvestris and var europea. A collection of 164 samples from different localities were collected from fruits harvested in the winter season from 2021 to 2023. These samples were labelled. To obtain the samples from the embryo, the endocarp extracted from the olive pit was prepared under sterile conditions, using different washes with 10% bleach and 0.2% Phyton and extracted under sterile conditions. Different growth media were used. According to the results obtained, the MS/2 medium proved to be the most suitable medium for in vitro cultivation of wild olives. With respect to in vivo cultivation, the germination success rate was not as good. As a result, a collection of wild olive trees has been obtained, which are currently growing in the greenhouse of the University of Jaén.
[EN] The wild olive (Olea europaea spp europaea var sylvestris) is a shrub adapted to the Mediterranean climate and not very cold winters. Given its genetic variability, the aim of this work is to obtain a germplasm bank at the University of Jaén obtained from wild olive tree populations that do not share haplotypes of cultivated olive trees and that, due to their location, have a genome that is not intermixed with genes from cultivated olive trees. These wild olive trees are historically isolated; therefore, there have been no genetic crosses between var sylvestris and var europea. A collection of 164 samples from different localities were collected from fruits harvested in the winter season from 2021 to 2023. These samples were labelled. To obtain the samples from the embryo, the endocarp extracted from the olive pit was prepared under sterile conditions, using different washes with 10% bleach and 0.2% Phyton and extracted under sterile conditions. Different growth media were used. According to the results obtained, the MS/2 medium proved to be the most suitable medium for in vitro cultivation of wild olives. With respect to in vivo cultivation, the germination success rate was not as good. As a result, a collection of wild olive trees has been obtained, which are currently growing in the greenhouse of the University of Jaén.