Efecto de la interferencia en la locomoción compleja, bajo el paradigma de las tareas duales, en niños prepuberales
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2024-05-06
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
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(ES)El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar el efecto de una interferencia cognitiva en el rendimiento en
una marcha con obstáculos discriminando las diferencias por edad y sexo. La muestra estaba formada por
un total de 223 niños/as (120 niños y 103 niñas) con una edad promedio de 8.61 ± 1.72 años. Se
registraron parámetros antropométricos, de funcionamiento cognitivo, del nivel de actividad física y de
condición físico-motora. Se empleó el test de marcha compleja (GCT) como escenario donde analizar el
efecto de la interferencia Los niños fueron expuestos de manera randomizada a tres situaciones en este
test, sin interferencia y con interferencia auditiva y visual. El análisis de correlación Pearson mostró
correlaciones significativas entre el Stroop test y el CGT con interferencia auditiva y visual (r=-0.319,
p=0.001 y r=-0.280, p=0.003, respectivamente). Finalmente, la edad correlaciona de manera significativa
(p<0.001) con el rendimiento en el test CGT, tanto sin interferencia, con interferencia auditiva y con
interferencia visual. La edad y el nivel previo cognitivo afectan a estos resultados. Finalmente, el estado
ponderal y el funcionamiento motor previo no tienen efecto en el rendimiento dual en esta prueba.
(EN)The aim of the present study was to analyse the effect of a cognitive interference on performance in a steeplechase walk discriminating differences by age and gender. The sample consisted of a total of 223 children (120 boys and 103 girls) with a mean age of 8.61 ± 1.72 years. Anthropometric parameters, cognitive functioning, physical activity level and physical-motor fitness were recorded. The complex gait test (GCT) was used as a scenario to analyse the effect of interference. Children were randomly exposed to three situations in this test, without interference and with auditory and visual interference. In both sexes, there was a loss of performance between the situations with interference (auditory and visual) versus without interference, but not between the two situations with interference, with no differences between sexes. Pearson correlation analysis showed significant correlations between the Stroop test and the CGT with auditory and visual interference (r=-0.319, p=0.001 and r=-0.280, p=0.003, respectively). Finally, age correlated significantly (p<0.001) with CGT performance, both without interference, with auditory interference and with visual interference. In conclusion, performance in the CGT test, irrespective of gender, is worsened when applying interference, which, whether auditory or visual, causes the same effect.
(EN)The aim of the present study was to analyse the effect of a cognitive interference on performance in a steeplechase walk discriminating differences by age and gender. The sample consisted of a total of 223 children (120 boys and 103 girls) with a mean age of 8.61 ± 1.72 years. Anthropometric parameters, cognitive functioning, physical activity level and physical-motor fitness were recorded. The complex gait test (GCT) was used as a scenario to analyse the effect of interference. Children were randomly exposed to three situations in this test, without interference and with auditory and visual interference. In both sexes, there was a loss of performance between the situations with interference (auditory and visual) versus without interference, but not between the two situations with interference, with no differences between sexes. Pearson correlation analysis showed significant correlations between the Stroop test and the CGT with auditory and visual interference (r=-0.319, p=0.001 and r=-0.280, p=0.003, respectively). Finally, age correlated significantly (p<0.001) with CGT performance, both without interference, with auditory interference and with visual interference. In conclusion, performance in the CGT test, irrespective of gender, is worsened when applying interference, which, whether auditory or visual, causes the same effect.