Caracterización físico-química de la fracción hoja de olivo y extracción de su materia grasa
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2024-01-15
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
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Una gran cantidad de hojas de olivo se acumulan en las almazaras y muchas de ellas en buenas condiciones debido a que proceden de aceitunas recogidas del árbol. Este trabajo caracterizó la fracción de hoja de olivo procedentes de la limpieza y de la línea de vuelo de aceitunas de almazara. El objetivo fue determinar su composición fisicoquímica y su potencialidad para ser usada en la alimentación de pequeños rumiantes. Se determinó los contenidos en celulosa, hemicelulosa, lignina, proteínas, compuestos fenólicos totales, lípidos totales, y digestibilidad enzimática, y los resultados en base seca fueron: 9,0%, 6,0%, 27,8%, 36,8%, 42,0%, 8,5%, 13,02 g/kg aceite, 22,5% y 55,2%, respectivamente. Se determinó también el perfil de ácidos grasos de la fracción lipídica, predominando el ácido oleico (68,1%). En consideración a los resultados obtenidos, la fracción hoja de olivo evaluada en esta investigación presenta características fisicoquímicas apropiadas como materia prima en el diseño de racionamientos de pequeños rumiantes.
A large amount of olive leaves accumulate in oil mills and many of them are in good condition because they come from olives harvested from the tree. This work characterized the fraction of olive leaves from the cleaning and flight line of olive oil mills. The objective was to determine their physicochemical composition and their potential to be used in feeding small ruminants. The contents of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, proteins, total phenolic compounds, total lipids, and enzymatic digestibility were determined, and the results on a dry basis were: 9.0%, 6.0%, 27.8%, 36.8%, 42.0%, 8.5%, 13.02 g/kg oil, 22.5% and 55.2%, respectively. The fatty acid profile of the lipid fraction was also determined, with oleic acid predominating (68.1%). In consideration of the results obtained, the olive leaf fraction evaluated in this research present appropriate physicochemical characteristics as a raw material in the design of rations for small ruminants.
A large amount of olive leaves accumulate in oil mills and many of them are in good condition because they come from olives harvested from the tree. This work characterized the fraction of olive leaves from the cleaning and flight line of olive oil mills. The objective was to determine their physicochemical composition and their potential to be used in feeding small ruminants. The contents of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, proteins, total phenolic compounds, total lipids, and enzymatic digestibility were determined, and the results on a dry basis were: 9.0%, 6.0%, 27.8%, 36.8%, 42.0%, 8.5%, 13.02 g/kg oil, 22.5% and 55.2%, respectively. The fatty acid profile of the lipid fraction was also determined, with oleic acid predominating (68.1%). In consideration of the results obtained, the olive leaf fraction evaluated in this research present appropriate physicochemical characteristics as a raw material in the design of rations for small ruminants.