Estudio de las comunidades de nematodos de suelo en ecosistemas singulares de la sierra sur de Jaén
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2024-12-03
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[ES] Este trabajo presenta el estudio de la nematofauna asociada al tejo (Taxus baccata) y a la encina (Quercus ilex) de la zona del Arroyo del Polvero de Navalayegua (Valdepeñas de Jaén, en la comarca de la Sierra Sur). Los nematodos fueron extraídos de 10 muestras de suelo, 5 de tejo y 5 de encina, siguiendo el método de embudos Baermann, fijados en formol al 4%, montados en preparaciones permanentes en glicerina e identificados con microscopía óptica. Se obtuvieron un total de 6543 nematodos pertenecientes a 8 órdenes, 79 géneros y a 5 grupos tróficos. La abundancia fue ligeramente superior en las muestras de encina sobre las de tejo (3345 vs 3198 individuos), si bien las diferencias observadas no llegaron a ser significativas estadísticamente. En cuanto a la comunidad nematológica, los bacterívoros supusieron el grupo trófico más abundante en ambos hábitats representando el 69,7% y el 71,8% del tejo y la encina, respectivamente. Respecto a la riqueza de géneros encontrados, el tejo mostró una diversidad mayor que la encina (64 vs 55 géneros), aunque de nuevo, no fue estadísticamente significativo. Finalmente, los índices de diversidad mostraron resultados similares en tejo y encina (H’=2,8818 vs H’=2,7642; J’=0,8476 vs J’=0,8522, respectivamente).
[EN] This study presents the investigation of the nematofauna associated with yew (Taxus baccata) and holm oak (Quercus ilex) from the Arroyo del Polvero area in Navalayegua (Valdepeñas de Jaén, in the Sierra Sur region). Nematodes were extracted from 10 soil samples, 5 from yew and 5 from holm oak, using the Baermann funnel method, fixed in 4% formalin, mounted in permanent preparations in glycerin, and identified using optical microscopy. A total of 6543 nematodes belonging to 8 orders, 79 genera, and 5 trophic groups were obtained. Abundance was slightly higher in holm oak samples compared to yew samples (3345 vs 3198 individuals), although the observed differences were not statistically significant. Regarding the nematode community, bacterivores were the most abundant trophic group in both habitats, representing 69.7% and 71.8% in yew and holm oak, respectively. In terms of the richness of genera found, yew showed greater diversity than holm oak (64 vs 55 genera), although again, it was not statistically significant. Finally, the diversity indices showed similar results in yew and holm oak (H’=2.8818 vs H’=2.7642; J’=0.8476 vs J’=0.8522, respectively).
[EN] This study presents the investigation of the nematofauna associated with yew (Taxus baccata) and holm oak (Quercus ilex) from the Arroyo del Polvero area in Navalayegua (Valdepeñas de Jaén, in the Sierra Sur region). Nematodes were extracted from 10 soil samples, 5 from yew and 5 from holm oak, using the Baermann funnel method, fixed in 4% formalin, mounted in permanent preparations in glycerin, and identified using optical microscopy. A total of 6543 nematodes belonging to 8 orders, 79 genera, and 5 trophic groups were obtained. Abundance was slightly higher in holm oak samples compared to yew samples (3345 vs 3198 individuals), although the observed differences were not statistically significant. Regarding the nematode community, bacterivores were the most abundant trophic group in both habitats, representing 69.7% and 71.8% in yew and holm oak, respectively. In terms of the richness of genera found, yew showed greater diversity than holm oak (64 vs 55 genera), although again, it was not statistically significant. Finally, the diversity indices showed similar results in yew and holm oak (H’=2.8818 vs H’=2.7642; J’=0.8476 vs J’=0.8522, respectively).