Síntesis de bolaanfifilos de núcleo central aromático para interaccionar con sistemas grafénicos.
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2016-07-18
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
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[ES]En el presente estudio se ha investigado la interacción que se produce durante la
adsorción de un compuesto bolaanfífilo derivado de la Naftalenodiimida (NDI) por
parte de nanotubos de carbono multicapa (MWCNT). El derivado usado tiene el
núcleo aromático de la naftalenodiimida al que se le une dos brazos alifáticos que
acaban en sendas unidades de morfolina cuyos átomos de nitrógeno se encuentran
cuaternizados. La síntesis de este bolaanfífilo, del que tan sólo existe una referencia
en la literatura, se llevó a cabo en dos etapas a partir de precursores comerciales
asequibles. Aunque primeramente se intentó la síntesis de un bolaanfífilo con núcleo
heteroaromático de s-tetrazina, los problemas que encontramos en su síntesis nos
hicieron optar por la preparación y el estudio del derivado de NDI. Fueron estudiadas
tanto la cinética como la isoterma de adsorión. Los datos obtenidos de la isoterma
siguen el modelo de Langmuir. La capacidad máxima de adsorción (Xm) fue de
0.2015 mmol/g y la constante de adsorción de Langmuir es de 218.57 L/mmol. Se
estudió también la cinética de adsorción del compuesto citado en MWCNT. La
adsorción sigue un modelo cinético de pseudo-segundo orden con una constante de
velocidad (k2) de 42.68 g/h·mmol.
Considerando sólo la adsorción del nucleo central aromático obtenemos una
ocupación de 105.42 m2/g MWCNT, es decir, un 90.11% de los 117 m2/g MWCNT
totales que poseen los nanotubos comerciales usados para el estudio. Mediante el
cálculo del área de la molécula de adsorbato se ha podido confirmar que es
solamente el núcleo aromático el que se une a la superficie de los MWCNTs
mediante un fenómeno π-stacking entre la nube π del núcleo de la molécula y la de
la superficie del nanotubo quedando la molécula en una conformación donde los
brazos alifáticos se sitúan en posición vertical a la superficie.
Este estudio es una primera aproximación a la interacción entre compuestos
bolaanfífilos con sistemas grafénicos que nos servirá de base tanto para buscar
nuevas formas de producción de grafeno como para buscar funcionalizaciones de
materiales grafénicos mejor adaptadas a posibles aplicaciones.
[EN]This report presents the results of the interaction that take place during the adsorption of a bolaamphiphile compound derived from Naphthalenediimide (NDI) on the surface of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). The derivative used has the aromatic nucleus of the naphthalenediimide substituted with two aliphatic arms, which end in morpholine rings whose nitrogen atoms are quaternized. The synthesis of this bolaamphiphile, for which only a literature reference exists, was achieved in two steps from commercially available precursors. Though our firs intention was to use a bolaamphiphile based on the s-tetrazine heteroaromatic nucleus, the problems encountered in the synthesis of the s-tetrazines decided us finally to study the NDI derivative. Both the kinetics and the isotherm equilibrium of the adsorption process were considered. The data obtained from the isotherm follow the Langmuir’s model. The maximum adsorption capacity was of 0.2015 mmol/g and the Langmuir adsorption constant is 218.57 L/mmol. The kinetics in the adsorption of the NDI derivative in MWCNT was also considered. Adsorption follows a kinetic model of pseudo-second order and informs of a speed constant (k2) of 42.68 g/h·mmol. Taking into account only the adsorption of the central aromatic nucleus of the NDI derivative, an occupation of 105.42 m2/g MWCNT is obtained. This represents a 90.11% of the total 117 m2/g of MWCNT, which is owned by the commercial nanotubes used for this research. Such an amount of functionalized molecules onto the surface of the MWCNT would only be possible if the molecule was not completely unfolded. Through the calculation of the area projected by the molecule it has been possible to confirm that it is only the aromatic core the one which interact with the surface of the MWCNT through a π-stacking process involving the π cloud of the molecule aromatic moiety and of the surface of the nanotube. All of this results on a conformation of the molecule with its aliphatic arms oriented in a vertical position with respect to the MWCNT surface. This work is a first approach to the interaction between bolamphiphile derivatives and graphene systems, with potential to look for new ways of graphene production as well as to look for better functionalizations to adapt graphene materials to possible application.
[EN]This report presents the results of the interaction that take place during the adsorption of a bolaamphiphile compound derived from Naphthalenediimide (NDI) on the surface of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). The derivative used has the aromatic nucleus of the naphthalenediimide substituted with two aliphatic arms, which end in morpholine rings whose nitrogen atoms are quaternized. The synthesis of this bolaamphiphile, for which only a literature reference exists, was achieved in two steps from commercially available precursors. Though our firs intention was to use a bolaamphiphile based on the s-tetrazine heteroaromatic nucleus, the problems encountered in the synthesis of the s-tetrazines decided us finally to study the NDI derivative. Both the kinetics and the isotherm equilibrium of the adsorption process were considered. The data obtained from the isotherm follow the Langmuir’s model. The maximum adsorption capacity was of 0.2015 mmol/g and the Langmuir adsorption constant is 218.57 L/mmol. The kinetics in the adsorption of the NDI derivative in MWCNT was also considered. Adsorption follows a kinetic model of pseudo-second order and informs of a speed constant (k2) of 42.68 g/h·mmol. Taking into account only the adsorption of the central aromatic nucleus of the NDI derivative, an occupation of 105.42 m2/g MWCNT is obtained. This represents a 90.11% of the total 117 m2/g of MWCNT, which is owned by the commercial nanotubes used for this research. Such an amount of functionalized molecules onto the surface of the MWCNT would only be possible if the molecule was not completely unfolded. Through the calculation of the area projected by the molecule it has been possible to confirm that it is only the aromatic core the one which interact with the surface of the MWCNT through a π-stacking process involving the π cloud of the molecule aromatic moiety and of the surface of the nanotube. All of this results on a conformation of the molecule with its aliphatic arms oriented in a vertical position with respect to the MWCNT surface. This work is a first approach to the interaction between bolamphiphile derivatives and graphene systems, with potential to look for new ways of graphene production as well as to look for better functionalizations to adapt graphene materials to possible application.