Bases neurobiológicas del autismo.
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2017-06-28
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
El autismo es un trastorno del neurodesarrollo que tiene una serie de síntomas principales, como son problemas para la comunicación, e interacción con otras personas, comportamientos repetitivos así como déficit en la capacidad lingüística, y expresión emocional, entre otras. En la actualidad, la etiología precisa del trastorno no se conoce, aunque hay una gran cantidad de estudios que intentan esclarecer cual es el origen de este trastorno, dando a entender un origen multifactorial. Su epidemiología sigue creciendo conforme el tiempo avanza. En el presente trabajo se realizará una revisión sobre la neurobiología del autismo. Concretamente, se revisarán los datos publicados acerca de las diferencias cerebrales a nivel estructural o morfológico, funcional, neuroquímico, entre las personas con TEA y las personas sin esta patología. También se resumirán los principales hallazgos sobre las bases genéticas del trastorno. Finalmente, se mencionan los posibles tratamientos del TEA, centrándonos fundamentalmente en el tratamiento farmacológico.
Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that has a number of main symptoms, such as problems with communication, interaction with other people, repetitive behaviors as well as deficits in language ability, and emotional expression, among others. Nowadays, the precise etiology of the disorder is unknown, although there are a large number of studies that try to clarify the origin of this disorder, giving a sense of a multifactorial origin. Epidemiology continues to grow as time progresses. In the present work we perform a review on the neurobiology of autism. Specifically, 1 have reviewed the data related to cerebral differences at the structural or morphological, functional, neurochemical level between people with ASO and people without this pathology. Also summarize the main findings on the genetic basis of the disorder. Finally, the possible treatments of ASD are mentioned, focusing mainly on pharmacological treatment.
Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that has a number of main symptoms, such as problems with communication, interaction with other people, repetitive behaviors as well as deficits in language ability, and emotional expression, among others. Nowadays, the precise etiology of the disorder is unknown, although there are a large number of studies that try to clarify the origin of this disorder, giving a sense of a multifactorial origin. Epidemiology continues to grow as time progresses. In the present work we perform a review on the neurobiology of autism. Specifically, 1 have reviewed the data related to cerebral differences at the structural or morphological, functional, neurochemical level between people with ASO and people without this pathology. Also summarize the main findings on the genetic basis of the disorder. Finally, the possible treatments of ASD are mentioned, focusing mainly on pharmacological treatment.