MICRORNA-200B COMO REGULADOR DE CÉLULAS EPICÁRDICAS EN DESARROLLO Y TRAS UN INFARTO DE MIOCARDIO
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2019-09-17
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
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[ES]El corazón es el órgano más importante del aparato circulatorio ya que se encarga de distribuir la sangre por todo el organismo. Es por esto que su formación debe ser la adecuada a fin de garantizar que el embrión desarrolle un corazón perfectamente funcional. Si no fuese así, se podrían producir anomalías muy perjudiciales como el infarto de miocardio.
En el proceso de desarrollo embrionario, es muy importante un proceso conocido como transición epitelio-mesénquima (EMT), ya que este posibilita la migración celular así como la formación de distintos tipos de células como cardiomiocitos. En el infarto de miocardio se pierden muchos cardiomiocitos por lo que se necesitan elementos capaces de regenerar el tejido cardiaco dañado y formar nuevos cardiomiocitos. Estos elementos son el epitelio y los microRNAs.
Por un lado, el epitelio latente se reactiva iniciando una cascada de señalización que media la regeneración cardiaca y, por otro lado, los microRNAs favorecen la migración celular.
Se sabe que el microRNA-200b participa en el desarrollo cardiaco al mismo tiempo que ocurre la EMT pero no se sabe el papel que ejerce en la migración celular. Esto es lo que hemos estudiado en este proyecto de TFM, con el fin de comprender mejor la EMT durante la cardiogénesis y formación de derivados epicárdicos y establecer si la expresión del microRNA-200b sufre un aumento en su expresión concomitante a la reactivación del epicardio tras un infarto de miocardio.PALABRAS CLAVE
Epicardio, EMT, regeneración, infarto, microRNA
[EN]The heart is the most important organ of the circulatory system since it is responsible for distributing blood throughout the body. That is why its formation must be adequate in order to ensure that the embryo develops a perfectly functional heart. If this is not the case, very damaging abnormalities such as myocardial infarction could occur. In the embryonic development process, a process known as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is very important, since this allows cell migration as well as the formation of different types of cells such as cardiomyocytes. In myocardial infarction many cardiomyocytes are lost, so elements capable of regenerating damaged cardiac tissue and forming new cardiomyocytes are needed. These elements are the epithelium and microRNAs. On the one hand, the latent epithelium is reactivated by initiating a signaling cascade that mediates cardiac regeneration and, on the other hand, microRNAs favor cell migration. It is known that microRNA-200b participates in cardiac development at the same time that EMT occurs but the role it plays in cell migration is unknown. This is what we have studied in this TFM project, in order to better understand EMT during cardiogenesis and formation of epicardial derivatives and establish whether the expression of microRNA-200b undergoes an increase in its expression concomitant to the reactivation of the epicardium after a heart attack. KEYWORDS Epicardium, EMT, regeneration, infarction, microRNA
[EN]The heart is the most important organ of the circulatory system since it is responsible for distributing blood throughout the body. That is why its formation must be adequate in order to ensure that the embryo develops a perfectly functional heart. If this is not the case, very damaging abnormalities such as myocardial infarction could occur. In the embryonic development process, a process known as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is very important, since this allows cell migration as well as the formation of different types of cells such as cardiomyocytes. In myocardial infarction many cardiomyocytes are lost, so elements capable of regenerating damaged cardiac tissue and forming new cardiomyocytes are needed. These elements are the epithelium and microRNAs. On the one hand, the latent epithelium is reactivated by initiating a signaling cascade that mediates cardiac regeneration and, on the other hand, microRNAs favor cell migration. It is known that microRNA-200b participates in cardiac development at the same time that EMT occurs but the role it plays in cell migration is unknown. This is what we have studied in this TFM project, in order to better understand EMT during cardiogenesis and formation of epicardial derivatives and establish whether the expression of microRNA-200b undergoes an increase in its expression concomitant to the reactivation of the epicardium after a heart attack. KEYWORDS Epicardium, EMT, regeneration, infarction, microRNA
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Biología celular