APROXIMACIÓN EXPERIMENTAL DE SIMULACIÓN DE CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO
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2019-10-14
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
[ES]En este trabajo se ha investigado cómo afecta el incremento de dióxido de carbono y
de temperatura que se espera en la cuenca Mediterránea dentro de 50 años, a causa del
Cambio Climático, a las especies de plantas del complejo Brachypodium distachyon un
modelo de especies para cereales de clima templado. Se han comparado rasgos de
intercambio gaseoso (fotosíntesis, la conductancia estomática y la transpiración) medidos en
condiciones de riego y de sequía con un instrumento IRGA. Además, se ha estimado la
eficiencia (intrínseca e instantánea) en el uso de agua de las plantas. Se ha estudiado también
la respuesta a la atmósfera futura en rasgos funcionales como el área foliar específica, el
contenido relativo de agua de la planta y el tiempo de floración en ambas situaciones de
disponibilidad hídrica.
Nuestros resultados indican que la cantidad de agua disponible para la planta es más
determinante para su desarrollo y su fisiología que las concentraciones de CO2 y temperatura.
Aunque, en condiciones futuras se producirá un aumento de la fotosíntesis y el uso eficiente
del agua, la producción de semillas descenderá y algunos genotipos podrían extinguirse en el
futuro a causa de las condiciones predichas por el Cambio Climático.
Palabras clave:
Cambio Climático, Brachypodium, analizador de intercambio gaseoso (IRGA), área
foliar especifica (SLA), contenido relativo de agua (RWC).
[EN]This research investigates how the increase in CO2 and temperature, expected in the Mediterranean basin in the next 50 years, and the drought that is linked to Climate Change affects the Brachypodium distachyon species complex, a cereal species model to mild climate. Compared traits of gas exchange (photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and transpiration) were measured in wide and restricted water conditions with IRGA, and also the water use efficiency (instantaneous and intrinsic) has been estimated. Furthermore, it has been studies in this research the response to the future atmosphere in different functional characteristics such as the specific leaf area, the relative water content of the plant and the flowering time in both water conditions. Our results show that the available amount of water for the plant is more decisive to its growth and physiology than the CO2 concentrations and temperature. Moreover, photosynthesis and water use efficiency will increase with the predicted increase in temperature and CO2 of the climate change, the quality of production will decrease and some genotypes and species could become extinct due to future conditions.
[EN]This research investigates how the increase in CO2 and temperature, expected in the Mediterranean basin in the next 50 years, and the drought that is linked to Climate Change affects the Brachypodium distachyon species complex, a cereal species model to mild climate. Compared traits of gas exchange (photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and transpiration) were measured in wide and restricted water conditions with IRGA, and also the water use efficiency (instantaneous and intrinsic) has been estimated. Furthermore, it has been studies in this research the response to the future atmosphere in different functional characteristics such as the specific leaf area, the relative water content of the plant and the flowering time in both water conditions. Our results show that the available amount of water for the plant is more decisive to its growth and physiology than the CO2 concentrations and temperature. Moreover, photosynthesis and water use efficiency will increase with the predicted increase in temperature and CO2 of the climate change, the quality of production will decrease and some genotypes and species could become extinct due to future conditions.
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