Evaluación e intervención en Cognición Social en una persona con esquizofrenia
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2021-04-06
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[ES]Un varón de 67 años con esquizofrenia residual residente en un centro de mayores
especializado en estos trastornos, solicita ayuda en el departamento de psicología para
potenciar y mejorar sus relaciones sociales y aumentar su participación y satisfacción en
las actividades de ocio. El objetivo del estudio se centra en mejorar las dificultades
sociales del participante. Se plantean varias hipótesis que relacionan su diagnóstico y su
demanda con un posible deterioro en su Cognición Social, concretamente en dos de los
dominios que la conforman: Percepción Emocional (PE) y Teoría de la Mente (TM), ya
que la literatura científica señala que los déficits en PE y TM provocan un
funcionamiento psicosocial pobre (Gil-Sanz, Fernández-Modamio, Bengochea-Seco, y
Arrieta-Rodríguez, 2012). Una vez administradas las pruebas necesarias y analizados
los resultados, se corroboran en parte las hipótesis (deterioro en PE y parcial en TM) y
se plantea una intervención: el Programa de Entrenamiento en Cognición Social
(PECS). Aunque no se llevó a cabo de la forma original para adaptarlo a las necesidades
del participante (fueron 8 sesiones en lugar de 24), los resultados-post muestran mejoras
en las puntuaciones de las pruebas de PE y TM, con un mejor funcionamiento social y
una mayor satisfacción del paciente.
[EN]A 67 years old man with a diagnosis of residual schizophrenia, who resides in a old people’s home specialized in these kind of disorders, requests help from the psychology department in order to develop and improve his social relations and also increasing his participation and satisfaction in leisure activities. The aim of this study is focused on improving the participant’s social difficulties. Some hypothesis are considered, which connect his diagnosis and his demand with a possible deterioration in his Social Cognition, particulary in two of the fields that define it: Emotional Perception (EP) and Theory of Mind (ToM), because scientific literature note that EP and ToM deficits are the cause of a poor psychosocial perfomance (Gil-Sanz, Fernández-Modamio, Bengochea-Seco, y Arrieta-Rodríguez, 2012). Once necessary tests are provided and results analysed, the hypotheses are partly corroborated (an impaired PE and a partially impaired TM) and an intervention is considered: the Social Cognition Training Program (PECS in Spanish). Although it was not carried out originally to adapt it to the needs of the participant (there were 8 sessions instead of 24), post-results show improvements in the scores of EP and ToM tests, with a better social performance and a greater satisfaction of the patient.
[EN]A 67 years old man with a diagnosis of residual schizophrenia, who resides in a old people’s home specialized in these kind of disorders, requests help from the psychology department in order to develop and improve his social relations and also increasing his participation and satisfaction in leisure activities. The aim of this study is focused on improving the participant’s social difficulties. Some hypothesis are considered, which connect his diagnosis and his demand with a possible deterioration in his Social Cognition, particulary in two of the fields that define it: Emotional Perception (EP) and Theory of Mind (ToM), because scientific literature note that EP and ToM deficits are the cause of a poor psychosocial perfomance (Gil-Sanz, Fernández-Modamio, Bengochea-Seco, y Arrieta-Rodríguez, 2012). Once necessary tests are provided and results analysed, the hypotheses are partly corroborated (an impaired PE and a partially impaired TM) and an intervention is considered: the Social Cognition Training Program (PECS in Spanish). Although it was not carried out originally to adapt it to the needs of the participant (there were 8 sessions instead of 24), post-results show improvements in the scores of EP and ToM tests, with a better social performance and a greater satisfaction of the patient.