Diagnóstico temporal del crecimiento secundario en respuesta a las tendencias climáticas a escala regional en bosques de Abies pinsapo y pinus pinaster
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2014-09-17
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
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[ES]Las actuales tendencias de incremento de temperatura y de la variabilidad de las
precipitaciones están afectando de forma significativa a las especies forestales, en
especial a aquellas localizadas en la Cuenca Mediterránea. Es, por tanto, fundamental
entender cuál es la relación que existe entre los patrones climáticos a largo plazo y la
respuesta que muestran las especies forestales en sus tasas de crecimiento a dichos
patrones de variación. El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido evaluar la respuesta diferencial
en el crecimiento de dos especies forestales, Abies pinsapo, y Pinus pinaster,
localizadas en el sur de la Península Ibérica, a la evolución a largo plazo de la
temperatura y la precipitación, considerando diferencias microclimáticas así como la
perturbación asociada a la deposición crónica de nitrógeno. A. pinsapo presenta tasas de
crecimiento menores que las de los individuos de P. pinaster, asociadas a la mayor edad
de los individuos en el primer caso. Se ha observado una clara tendencia de incremento
de la aridez a escala regional en el área de estudio, existiendo además una fuerte
dependencia del crecimiento de ambas especies a la disponibilidad hídrica,
especialmente para A. pinsapo, modulada a su vez por la temperatura, en ambos casos
coincidiendo con los dos periodos de crecimiento de ambas especies. Los modelos
crecimiento-clima obtenidos podrían aplicarse a los datos de clima previstos para
diferentes escenarios futuros de cambio climático, con el objetivo de obtener una
predicción del crecimiento de ambas especies y maximizar su sostenibilidad a mediolargo
plazo.
[EN]Current trends of increasing temperature and rainfall variability are affecting forest species, in particular those located in the Mediterranean Basin. It is, therefore, essential to understand the relationship between long-term climate patterns and the response of forest species growth rates to those patterns of variation in order to ensure their sustainability. The aim of this study has been to evaluate the differential growth response of two forest species, Abies pinsapo and Pinus pinaster, located in the southern part of the Iberian Peninsula, to the long-term trends of temperature and precipitation, taking into account some microclimatic differences and the disturbance associated to nitrogen chronic deposition. A. pinsapo has shown smaller growth rates than those of individuals of P. pinaster due to the age of the individuals in the first case. An increasing aridity at the regional level has also been found, which determines the strong dependence of both species growth to water availability, especially for A. pinsapo. This effect is also modulated by temperature, being in both cases concurrent with the two periods of growth of both species. The evaluated growth-climate models could be applied to the climatic trends provided by different scenarios of climate change, allowing us to make predictions of the growth of both species and maximize sustainability in the medium to the long term.
[EN]Current trends of increasing temperature and rainfall variability are affecting forest species, in particular those located in the Mediterranean Basin. It is, therefore, essential to understand the relationship between long-term climate patterns and the response of forest species growth rates to those patterns of variation in order to ensure their sustainability. The aim of this study has been to evaluate the differential growth response of two forest species, Abies pinsapo and Pinus pinaster, located in the southern part of the Iberian Peninsula, to the long-term trends of temperature and precipitation, taking into account some microclimatic differences and the disturbance associated to nitrogen chronic deposition. A. pinsapo has shown smaller growth rates than those of individuals of P. pinaster due to the age of the individuals in the first case. An increasing aridity at the regional level has also been found, which determines the strong dependence of both species growth to water availability, especially for A. pinsapo. This effect is also modulated by temperature, being in both cases concurrent with the two periods of growth of both species. The evaluated growth-climate models could be applied to the climatic trends provided by different scenarios of climate change, allowing us to make predictions of the growth of both species and maximize sustainability in the medium to the long term.