Regulación de factores de transcripción específicos musculares mediante el microRNA mir-125b
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2014-07-11
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
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[ES]El estudio de los microRNA se ha incrementado de forma exponencial en los
últimos tiempos. Estas, son moléculas de ARN no codificante que llevan a cabo
importantes funciones como reguladores de la expresión génica, generalmente
funcionando como inhibidores de genes. Hasta la fecha, se han descubierto un gran
número de microRNA, de hecho, las investigaciones sobre estas moléculas no dejan
de aumentar, debido a la importancia que tienen en procesos tan trascendentes,
como son el desarrollo embrionario, la respuesta inmune e incluso el cáncer. Solo en
humanos, se prevé que los microRNA pueden controlar hasta el 30% de la actividad
de los genes codificantes de proteínas y se ha demostrado que participan en la
regulación de todos los procesos celulares investigados hasta la fecha. Sin embargo,
a pesar de haberse descubierto numerosos microRNA diferentes, y muchas dianas
específicas para cada uno de ellos, el papel de cuantiosas de estas moléculas sigue
aún sin esclarecerse. Por ello, en este ensayo se pone de manifiesto el papel que
ejerce el microRNA-125b, que según bases de datos bioinformáticas, tiene como
diana específica al factor de transcripción MEF2D (potenciador de miocitos), el cual
está involucrado en procesos tan importantes como la diferenciación del músculo. El
experimento se llevó a cabo en dos líneas celulares musculares diferentes: Miocitos
de músculo esquelético y cardiomiocitos, las cuales expresan el factor de
transcripción MEF2D, mostrando un papel inhibidor sobre células musculares
esqueléticas (linaje Sol8) y un papel estimulador sobre células cardíacas (linaje HL-
1).
[EN]The study of microRNA has increased exponentially in recent times. These are non-coding RNA molecules that perform important functions as regulators of gene expression, usually as genes inhibitors. To date, it has been discovered a number of microRNA, indeed, research on these molecules continue to increase, due to their importance in such important processes such as embryonic development, immune response and cancer. Only in humans, it is expected that the microRNA can control up to 30% of the activity of protein-coding genes and have been shown to participate in the regulation of all cell processes investigated to date. However, despite numerous different microRNA been discovered, and several specific target for most of them, the role of many of these molecules is still unclear. Therefore, this essay highlights the role played by the microRNA-125b, which according to bioinformatic databases, can target transcription factor MEF2D (enhancer myocytes), which is involved in important processes such as muscle differentiation. The experiment was carried out in two different muscle cell lines: skeletal muscle and cardiomyocytes, which express the transcription factor MEF2D showing an inhibitory role on skeletal muscle cells (Sol8 lineage) but an stimulatory role on cardiac stimulator cells (HL-1 lineage ).
[EN]The study of microRNA has increased exponentially in recent times. These are non-coding RNA molecules that perform important functions as regulators of gene expression, usually as genes inhibitors. To date, it has been discovered a number of microRNA, indeed, research on these molecules continue to increase, due to their importance in such important processes such as embryonic development, immune response and cancer. Only in humans, it is expected that the microRNA can control up to 30% of the activity of protein-coding genes and have been shown to participate in the regulation of all cell processes investigated to date. However, despite numerous different microRNA been discovered, and several specific target for most of them, the role of many of these molecules is still unclear. Therefore, this essay highlights the role played by the microRNA-125b, which according to bioinformatic databases, can target transcription factor MEF2D (enhancer myocytes), which is involved in important processes such as muscle differentiation. The experiment was carried out in two different muscle cell lines: skeletal muscle and cardiomyocytes, which express the transcription factor MEF2D showing an inhibitory role on skeletal muscle cells (Sol8 lineage) but an stimulatory role on cardiac stimulator cells (HL-1 lineage ).
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Graduado en biología