EXOMIRS COMO BIOMARCADORES DE LA FIBRILACIÓN AURICULAR
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2019-09-16
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
[ES]La fibrilación auricular (FA) es considerada la arritmia cardiaca más común afectando en gran
medida a todas las poblaciones humanas. Aunque la enfermedad no tiene cura, existen
cuidados paliativos para mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes, y estos mejorarían con un
diagnóstico precoz y eficaz. La alta expresión y estabilidad de los microRNAs exosómicos
(exomiRs) permite su uso como biomarcadores, este uso se ha asociado a diferentes
condiciones patológicas de diversas enfermedades pudiendo ser una importante herramienta
para el diagnóstico precoz y pronóstico de la FA. En este estudio, se evaluó la expresión de
exomiRs de pacientes con y sin FA, y su aplicación como marcadores diagnósticos. Los
microRNAs miR-1, miR-21, miR-26 y miR-499 fueron seleccionados para ser objetos del estudio
a través de una revisión bibliográfica previa. Los exosomas se aislaron de muestras de plasma
y suero, se analizaron mediante microscopía de fluorescencia y electrónica de trasmisión. Los
microRNAs se extrajeron de los exosomas y su expresión se analizó mediante PCR en tiempo
real. El miR-499 no se expresó, mientras que miR-1 y miR-26 fueron estadísticamente
diferentes en los pacientes con y sin FA y, miR-21 y miR-26 mostraron diferencia estadística de
acuerdo con el genotipo, lo que sugiere que estos exomiRs pueden ser biomarcadores
potenciales para la FA. Estos resultados contribuyen a la comprensión de la regulación de los
exomiRs en la FA, alentando el desarrollo de nuevos estudios con mayor número de muestras
que afiancen el uso de estas moléculas como biomarcadores en FA.
2. Palabras clave
Fibrilación auricular, vesículas extracelulares, exososomas, microRNA, exomiRs,
biomarcadores.
[EN]Atrial fibrillation (AF) is affected by the most common cardiac arrhythmia that greatly affects all human populations. Although the disease has no cure, palliative care exists to improve the quality of life of patients, which improves with an early and effective diagnosis. The high stability and expression of exosomal microRNAs (exomiRs) allow its use as biomarkers. This use has been associated with different pathological conditions of various diseases and can be an important tool for the early diagnosis and prognosis of AF. In this study, we evaluated the expression of exomiRs of patients with and without AF and their applications as diagnostic markers. The miR-1, miR-21, miR-26 and miR-499 microRNAs were selected to be objects of the study through a previous literature review. Exosomes were isolated from plasma and serum samples and analyzed by fluorescence microscopy and transmission electronics. The microRNAs were extracted from the exosomes and their expression was analyzed by real-time PCR. The miR-499 was not expressed, while miR-1 and miR-26 were statistically different in the patients with and without AF, miR-21 and miR-26 statistical differential differences according to the genotype, implying that these exomiRs can be potential biomarkers for AF. These results contribute to the understanding of the regulation of exomiRs in AF, encouraging the development of new studies with a larger number of samples that strengthen the use of these molecules as biomarkers in AF. 4. Keywords Atrial fibrillation, extracellular vesicles, exosomes, microRNA, exomiRs, biomarkers.
[EN]Atrial fibrillation (AF) is affected by the most common cardiac arrhythmia that greatly affects all human populations. Although the disease has no cure, palliative care exists to improve the quality of life of patients, which improves with an early and effective diagnosis. The high stability and expression of exosomal microRNAs (exomiRs) allow its use as biomarkers. This use has been associated with different pathological conditions of various diseases and can be an important tool for the early diagnosis and prognosis of AF. In this study, we evaluated the expression of exomiRs of patients with and without AF and their applications as diagnostic markers. The miR-1, miR-21, miR-26 and miR-499 microRNAs were selected to be objects of the study through a previous literature review. Exosomes were isolated from plasma and serum samples and analyzed by fluorescence microscopy and transmission electronics. The microRNAs were extracted from the exosomes and their expression was analyzed by real-time PCR. The miR-499 was not expressed, while miR-1 and miR-26 were statistically different in the patients with and without AF, miR-21 and miR-26 statistical differential differences according to the genotype, implying that these exomiRs can be potential biomarkers for AF. These results contribute to the understanding of the regulation of exomiRs in AF, encouraging the development of new studies with a larger number of samples that strengthen the use of these molecules as biomarkers in AF. 4. Keywords Atrial fibrillation, extracellular vesicles, exosomes, microRNA, exomiRs, biomarkers.